题名

從心裡計時法到心理生理計時法：媒合反應時間與事件關連腦電位波

并列篇名

From Mental Chronometry to Chronopsychophysiology: The Marriage of Mental Chronometry and Event-Related Potential

DOI

10.6129/CJP.20130526b

作者

謝淑蘭(Shu-Lan Hsieh)

关键词

反應時間 ； 心理生理訊號量測 ； 事件關連腦電位波 ； 階段處理歷程 ； reaction time ； psychophysiological measure ； event-related potential ； stage processing

期刊名称

中華心理學刊

卷期/出版年月

55卷3期（2013 / 09 / 01）

页次

255 - 276

内容语文

繁體中文
中文摘要

利用反應時間來量測心智處理歷程在認知心理學已有長久的歷史，此類研究取向被稱之為心智計時法。然而總反應時間的記錄包括來自感覺刺激所須的時間、反應所須之肌肉收縮與運動時間，以及認知心理學家最感興趣的介於這兩者之間的處理歷程所需的時間。基於這些可能來自運動階段處理歷程對時間測量的干擾，而影響心智非動作階段處理歷程的推論，另一種來自於神經科學的研究方法：心理生理計時法，以量測大腦心理（電）生理訊號的反應來推論心智歷程，已於20世紀末以來逐漸被廣為使用於認知心理學研究。以心理生理訊號測量方法研究認知歷程具有很多的優勢，特別是事件關連腦電位波可以同時做為心理歷程的標記（做為窺看認知的「窗口」），以及生理歷程的標記（做為窺看大腦的「窗口」）。本論文的主要目的為總覽如何以及為何心理學的研究方法會流變，以及將認知心理學與心理生理學做媒合的好處。更重要的是本論文旨在彙整台灣認知科學相關領域學者於近幾年來應用腦波量測技術所進行的各種認知功能推論的實徵研究，以及其對理論的貢獻。據此以記錄台灣近代認知心理學於探討心智活動從行為研究至腦波研究取向上流變的史實。本論文之撰寫乃為感謝劉英茂教授開拓台灣認知心理學研究所做之先驅貢獻。
英文摘要

The use of reaction time as a measure of psychological processes has enjoyed a long history in cognitive psychology and has been coined as ”mental chronometry.” However, because reaction time is measured as the time between the onset of an event (a stimulus) and the occurrence of a response, the total response time includes the time to sense the stimulus, the time to contract the muscles to make the response, and the time, which is of the main interest to cognitive psychologists, for all the non-motor processes in between. Given the possible contamination from motor stage processing times while inferring non-motor stage processing times by means of reaction time measures, another research approach, chronopsychophysiology, which measures the brain's psychophysiological (electrophysiological) responses to infer mental processes, has been borrowed from neuroscience and has become the more advantageous research approach in cognitive psychology since the late 20th century. There are several advantages to studying cognition by means of psychophysiological measures, particularly those of the event-related potentials, which can serve as markers for psychological processes (as ”windows” on cognition) as well as markers of physiological processes (as ”windows” on the brain). This paper aims to provide an overview of how and why such a research transformation occurred in cognitive psychology and to explore the benefits of a marriage between cognitive psychology and psychophysiology. In particular, this paper synthesizes various laboratories' studies conducted in Taiwan using electrophysiological data to infer mental processes. It is expected to document research approach developments in cognitive psychology, from behavioral to brain potential, in modern Taiwan. This paper was written for the purpose of appreciating the pioneering contributions from Dr. In-Mao Liu to the development of cognitive psychology in Taiwan.
主题分类 社會科學 > 心理學
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被引用次数
  1. 曾志朗、徐慈妤、洪蘭、阮啟弘(2013)。台灣認知神經科學研究的崛起：以注意力相關研究為例。中華心理學刊，55(3)，343-357。
  2. 郭芳妤、梁直青(2018)。從認知反應與腦波歷程探究消費者等候決策。中華心理學刊，60(3)，191-215。
  3. 趙軒甫、葉怡玉、楊政達、黃揚名、郭郡羽、郭柏呈、林思宏(2013)。表徵於選擇的角色。中華心理學刊，55(3)，319-342。
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