文學作品當旅遊導讀：霍桑《大理石牧神》影像插圖本的由來與意涵

Literary Work as Travel Guide: The Transformation of N. Hawthorne's "THE MARBLE FAUN" as a Photographically Illustrated Book

10.6258/bcla.2003.59.13

鄭永孝(Yung-Hsiao Cheng)

霍桑 ； 大理石牧神 ； 小說 ； 旅遊 ； 影像插圖本 ； Nathaniel Hawthorne ； THE MARBLE FAUN ； Fiction ； Tourism ； Photographically Illustrated Book

臺大文史哲學報

59期（2003 / 11 / 01）

369 - 371+373-400

繁體中文

本文重點在探討霍桑的長篇小說《大理石牧神》一八六零年在英美兩國出版時，並沒有插圖；而同年稍後正式的歐洲版也沒有。但不久到羅馬的英美兩國遊客逐漸把這個文本當做旅遊導讀，並且在書店出現一種特殊的影像插圖本。遊客可以自己選擇像片，然後書店將書折開，把像片浮貼在空白頁上，再重新裝訂，成為非常特殊的一種影像插圖本。此一「後」製作形式的版本產生的原因，主要是由於遊客的需要，同時與故事背景、旅遊風尚、以及影像科技的發展，都有關係。而書商則因為有利可圖，樂於滿足顧客的需求。這種作法一直延續了幾乎五十年，到第一次世界大戰前才停止。這期間所製作的數量難以估計，是出版史上一個非常奇特的現像。在重製過程中，遊客／讀者的角色產生混淆與重疊的現像，書寫語言也逐漸被視覺語言所取代，並且造成了遊客在文本／影像之間的選擇與詮釋問題。結論指出，《大理石牧神》的影像插圖本，雖然是在特定時空下的產物，卻充分顯示了遊客／讀者發揮自主的一個最佳範例。

This paper analyzes a very unique photographically illustrated edition of Nathaniel Hawthorne's ”THE MARBLE FAUN” (1860). When the novel was first published in England and the United States, there was no illustration. But soon the English-speaking tourists found the book useful as a guide to the city of Rome and a very special edition with photo images gradually emerged. Its appearance was closely related to the background of the story, the Italian book-sellers, the travelers from the English-speaking countries, and the popularity of photo images. The tourists could actually take part in the meta-creation of the book, and the booksellers were more than glad to rebind the book for them since they can reap substantial profit from such undertaking. What is surprising is that the practice lasted almost fifty years and the number of such rebound books was beyond counting; it is a very rare phenomenon in the history of book-making. This study shows that the buyers of such illustrated editions were actually playing the double roles of tourist/reader, substituting the text with the visual arts they came to appreciate in Rome. It also involves the tourists' personal choice and interpretation of the text/image. The conclusion points out that such practice serves as a good example of the self-expression from the countless tourists in making use of a romance as a practical traveling guide and a valuable piece of souvenir.

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