一九七０年代紐約市婦女會爭取女性就業權益策略之研究

Strategies in Urging the Rights and Interests in Employment for Women by the Women's City Club of New York in 1970s

10.6258/bcla.2005.62.16

黃文齡(Wen-Ling Huang)

紐約市婦女會 ； 政治家務化 ； 專業女性 ； 平權 ； Women's City Club of New York ； political domesticity ； professional women ； equal rights

臺大文史哲學報

62期（2005 / 05 / 01）

441 - 443+445-484

繁體中文

1970 年代紐約市婦女會爭取女性就業權益的策略是全方位的。在政府體制內成立「市長的婦女地位委員會」，專責處理女性權益的問題；在婦女會內中設「女性地位委員會」，進行專業研究，提供完整的事實，使之言之有物；推薦合格的女性候選人，爭取合適的公職；藉由競爭的觀念、平權的主張與專業的形象，形塑出專業女性的角色。研究的結果也顯示婦女會對於女性參與公領域活動論述的轉變，「專業」女性的角色取代傳統強調「市政管家」的基本論點。女性爭取職場上的權益，不是因為「女性」的角色，而是她們具有專業能力，值得受到公平的待遇。

The Women's City Club of New York takes comprehensive actions in urging the rights and interests in employment for women. At first, they lent an impetus to set up the Mayor's Commission on the Status of Women in the New York City Government to handle all the things about it. The Committee on the Status of Women is established in the Club organization to work in the field of external relations. They believed that the Government would be forced to take over the problems of discrimination in employment for women once they became public, political issues. The Club recommended qualified female candidates to win over equal treatments. They also count on for support by using professional research report to set forth their views and to manifest the professional capability those qualified women have. This article also presents the change of role expectation for women. The Club usually cheered women to participate public sphere from housekeepers to municipal housekeeper. But in this case study, those causes were disappeared. They emphasized on the role of professional women. The Club urged gender equality in employment for women in the positions of decision-maker simply by their professional knowledge for they deserve it. Those arguments made a break with traditional thinking used by feminists. They create a new social status for women: they are the women with professional capacity.

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