編造王權─亨利八世政府對君王典故的新歷史解釋

Manipulating Kingship Discourse: Henry VIII's New Historical Interpretation of Ancient Kingship

10.6258/bcla.2008.68.06

李若庸(Juo-Yung Lee)

英格蘭宗教改革 ； 大衛王 ； 約翰王 ； 亨利八世 ； 王權 ； English Reformation ； King David ； King John ； Henry VIII ； kingship

臺大文史哲學報

68期（2008 / 05 / 01）

169 - 202

繁體中文

本文處理亨利八世政府在宗教改革期間的「王權宣傳」問題。亨利八世透過宗教改革，將傳統的教權納入王權管轄，也為自己帶來空前危機。亨利八世於是透過「王權宣傳」，解說其合法基礎，以換取臣民支持。「重新詮釋君王典故」是其運用的手法，其中又以「大衛王」與「約翰王」兩項典故最具代表性。亨利的典故詮釋充滿了篩節與扭曲。此點顯示，他意不在客觀陳述，而是以主觀詮釋的方式，進行王權宣傳。「王權宣傳」為亨利朝「官方宣傳」的重點；理解「王權宣傳」有助於重建此時期的宣傳工作，進一步讓亨利朝宗教改革的圖像更趨完整。

This paper deals with the kingship propaganda promoted by Henry VIII during the English Reformation. Reformation caused an unprecedented crisis for King Henry. He had to explain his expansion of kingship to win back the support of his people, which was crucial to the survival of his regime. He reinterpreted ancient kingship to build a foundation for his own kingship. However, his interpretation of King David and King John shows that he did not mean to clarify the essence of kingship, but rather to take these examples as immediate evidences to validate his own kingship. Henry was pursuing a propaganda campaign. The conclusion of this paper will contribute to the debates of Tudor political history and English Reformation.

1. Anglo, Sydney(1992).Images of Tudor Kingship.London:Seaby.
2. Anglo, Sydney,John Guy (ed.)(1997).Tudor Monarchy.New York:Arnold.
3. Bale, John.,Peter Happé (Ed.)(1985).King Johan, in The Complete Plays of John Bale.Cambridge:Brewer.
4. Bale, John.,Peter Happé (Ed.),John N. King(1991).Vocacyon of John Bale.New York:Medieval and Renaissance Texts & Studies in Conjunction with Renaissance English Text Society.
5. Baumer, Franklin le van.(1966).Early Tudor Theory of Kingship.New York:Russell & Russell.
6. Blatt, Thora Balslev.(1968).The Plays of John Bale: A Study of Ideas, Technique and Style.Copenhagen:Gad.
7. Brewer, J. S.(eds.),Gardiner, J.(eds.),Brodie, R. H. (eds.)(1862).Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, of the Reign of Henry VIII.London:Longman.
8. Cooper, J. P.(1963).A Revolution in Tudor History?.Past and Present,26,110-112.
9. Cooper, J. P. D(2003).Propaganda and the Tudor State: Political Culture in the Westcountry.Oxford:Clarendon Press.
10. Cranmer, Thomas..Certayne sermons, or homelies appointed by the kynges Maiesties, to be declared and redde, by all persons, vicars, or curates, euery Sondaye in their churches, where they haue cure (1547).STC.
11. Cranmer, Thomas.(Ed.)(1846).Miscellaneous Writings and Letters of Thomas Cranmer.Cambridge:John Edmund Cox..
12. Daniell, David.(1994).William Tyndale: A Biography.New Haven, London:Yale University Press.
13. Elton, G. R. (ed.)(1982).The Tudor Constitution: Documents and Commentary.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
14. Elton. G. R.(1953).The Tudor Revolution in Government: Administrative Changes in the Reign of Henry VIII.Cambridge:
15. Elton. G. R.(1972).Policy and Police: The Enforcement of the Reformation in the Age of Thomas Cromwell.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
16. Elton. G. R.(1969).The Practice of History.London:Fontana.
17. Elton. G. R.(1973).Reform and Renewal: Thomas Cromwell and the Common Weal.London:Cambridge University Press.
18. Elton. G. R.(1977).Reform and Reformation: England, 1509-1558.London:Edward Arnold.
19. Elton. G. R.(1965).A Revolution in Tudor History.Past and Present,32,103-109.
20. Elton. G. R.(1977).Thomad Cromwell redivivus.Archiv för Reformationsgeschichte,68,192-208.
21. Elton. G. R.(1964).The Tudor Revolution: A Reply.Past and Present,29,26-49.
22. Elton. G. R.(1955).England under the Tudors.London:Metheun & Co..
23. Fabyan, Robert..The New Chronicles of England and France.London:
24. Gosselin, Edward A(1976).David in Tempore Belli: Beza`s David in the Service of the Huguenots.Sixteenth Century Journal,7(2),31-54.
25. Gosselin, Edward A(1976).The King`s Progress to Jerusalem: Some Interpretations of David during the Reformation Period and Their Patristic and Medieval Background.Malibu:Undena Publications.
26. Green, J. R.(1895).History of the English People.London:MacMillan and Co..
27. Hollister, C. Warren.(1961).King John and the Historians.The Journal of British Studies,1(1),1-15.
28. Hurstfield, J.(1967).Transactions of the Royal Historical Society.
29. King, John N.(1989).Tudor Royal Iconography: Literature and Art in an Age of Religious Crisis.New Jersey:Princeton University Press.
30. King, John N.,Peter C. Herman (Ed.)(1994).Rethinking the Henrician Era: Essays on Early Tudor Texts and Contexts.Urbana and Chicago:University of Illinois Press.
31. Levin, Carole(1980).A Good Prince: King John and Early Tudor Propaganda.Sixteenth Century Journal,11(4)
32. Morison, Richard..An Invective ayenste the Great and Detestable Vice, Treason: Wherein the Secrete Practises, and Traiterous Workinges of Theym That Suffrid of Late Are Disclosed (1539).STC.
33. Morison, Richard.,David Sandler Berkowitz (Ed.)(1984).A Remedy for Sedition Wherein Are Contained Many Things concerning the True and Loyal Obeisance That Commons Owe unto Their Prince and Sovereign Lord the King (1536), in Humanist Scholarship and Public Order: Two Tracts against the Pilgrimage of Grace by Sir Richard Morison.Washington:Folger Shakespeare Library.
34. Morison, Richard.,David Sandler Berkowitz (Ed.)(1984).A Lamentation in which is shown what pain and destruction cometh of seditious rebellion (1536), in Humanist Scholarship and Public Order: Two Tracts against the Pilgrimage of Grace by Sir Richard Morison.Washington:Folger Shakespeare Library.
35. Neale, J. E.(1949).The Elizabethan House of Commons.London:
36. Neale, J. E.(1958).Essays in Elizabethan History.London:
37. Neale, J. E.(1957).Elizabeth and her Parliaments.London:
38. Norgate, Kate.(1902).John Lackland.London:
39. Pettegree, Andrew.(2005).Reformation and the Culture of Persuasion.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
40. Pitkin, Barbara.(1993).Imitation of David: David as Paradigm for Faith in Calvin`s Exegesis of Psalms.Sixteenth Century Journal,24(4),843-863.
41. Pocock, Nicholas, (ed.)(1870).Records of the Reformation: the Divorce 1527-1535.Oxford:Clarendon Press.
42. Pollard, A. F.(1955).From Domesday Book to Magna Carta.Oxford:
43. Pollard, A. F.(1907).Factors in Modern History.London:
44. Pollard, A. F.(1920).The Evolution of Parliament.London:
45. Pollard, A. F.(1902).Henry VIII..London:
46. Pollard, A. F.(1941).The Early Tudor Theory of Kingship by Fanklin le van Baumer.English Historical Review,55(222),310-313.
47. Poole, A. L.(1955).From Domesday Book to Magna Carta.Oxford:
48. Scarisbrick, J. J.(1984).Reformation and the English People.Oxford:Basil Blackwell.
49. Skinner, Quentin.(1978).The Foundations of Modern Political Thought.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
50. Slavin, Arthur J.(1983).G. R. Elton and his Era: Thirty Years On.Albion,15,207-229.
51. Slavin, Arthur J. (ed.)(1972).Tudor Men and Institutions.Baton Rouge.
52. Tudor-Craig, Pamela,Daniel Williams(Ed.)(1989).Early Tudor England: Proceedings of the 1987 Harlaxton Symposium.Woodbridge, Suffolk:Boydell Press.
53. Tyndale, William.,Henry Walter (Ed.)(1848).The Obedience of a Christian Man, in Doctrinal Treatises and Introductions to Different Portions of the Holy Scriptures.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
54. White, Paul.(1993).Theatre and the Reformation: Protestantism, Patronage, and Playing in Tudor England.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
55. Wilburn, Perceval..A checke or reproofe of M. Howlets vntimely shreeching in her Maiesties eares with an answeare to the reasons alleadged in a discourse thereunto annexed, Why Catholikes (as they are called) refuse to goe to church (1581).STC.
56. Williams, Penry(1963).Dr. Elton`s Interpretation of the Age.Past and Present,25,3-8.
57. Williams, Penry,Harris, G. L.(1965).A Revolution in Tudor History.Past and Present,31,87-96.