以固定化硝化菌及厭氧氨氧化菌進行水中同時硝化脫氮之研究

SIMULTANEOUS NITRIFICATION AND DENITRIFICATION USING IMMOBILIZED NITRIFYING AND ANAMMOX BACTERIA

10.6652/JoCICHE.201512_27(4).0003

夏聰惠(Tsung-Hui Hsia)；何俊明(Chun-Ming Ho)；馮宇柔(Yu-Jou Feng)；李忠倫(Jung-Luen Li)

固定化微生物 ； 厭氧氨氧化菌 ； 氨氮 ； 部分硝化 ； immobilized microorganisms ； anammox bacteria ； ammonia ； partial nitrification

中國土木水利工程學刊

27卷4期（2015 / 12 / 01）

301 - 308

繁體中文

以家庭污水處理廠污泥分批馴養之硝化菌及厭氧氨氧化菌，配合使用PVA 冷凍包埋法製作成固定化擔體。硝化菌、厭氧氨氧化菌固定化擔體共同存在的一個混合系統，擬藉由溶氧、pH 等之控制達同時硝化脫氮之效。結果顯示，馴養之硝化菌及其固定化擔體其水樣之pH 降低，NO_3^--N 則不斷的增加，而總氮T-N 隨反應進行幾無變化，此為典型的硝化反應；而馴養之厭氧氨氧化菌及其固定化擔體之水樣中pH 上升，NH_4^+-N 與NO_2^--N 同時被消耗，NO_3^--N 雖隨反應而漸增，但總氮T-N 隨時間明顯降低，此為厭氧氨氧化之脫氮作用。當固定化之硝化菌、厭氧氨氧化菌擔體共存於系統，單槽硝化脫氮反應確實可行並具成效。曝氣6 小時時間過長，利於完全硝化，致使脫氮效率最差，僅達11.09%；曝氣2 小時時間過短，NH_4^+-N 無法部分硝化成足量之NO_2^--N，造成後續厭氧氨氧化不完全，脫氮效率增至23.02%；適當之曝氣延時4 小時，先期提供所需之DO 利於NH_4^+-N 部分硝化成NO_2^--N，反應後段則因溶氧消耗量多而DO 甚低及合適之NH_4^+-N:NO_2^--N 比例，利於厭氧氨氧化反應，提升更高之脫氮效率至36.38%。

In this study, activated sludge from domestic wastewater treatment plant was used to acclimate nitrifying and anammox bacteria, and the frozen-entrapment method was utilized to immobilize acclimated bacteria with PVA. Batch experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of different aeration duration time on the nitrogen removal of the system with co-existence of carriers of nitrifying and anammox bacteria in a single reactor. The experimental results showed that controlling the suitable reaction conditions may make the nitrifying bacteria and the carriers immobilized with PVA acclimated. It was shown that NH_4^- -N decreased as NO3 -N increased, pH lowered, total nitrogen T-N was almost unchangeable with time. On the other hand, the anammox bacteria and the carriers immobilized with PVA could be acclimated with proper conditions for a longer time. In these anammox systems, NH_4^- -N and NO_2^- -N decreased simultaneously as NO_3^- -N increased gradually. The solution pH was raised, and total nitrogen T-N was decreasing with time. It apparently indicated that the nitrogen removal of the systems was caused by anammox reactions. The experiments of the effect of aeration on nitrogen removal in the mixed system with co-existence of nitrifying and anammox bacteria carriers were conducted with three different aeration time. It was shown that complete nitrification occurred with longer aeration duration of 6 hrs. The nitrogen removal efficiency 11.09% was the lowest in these three conditions. Partial nitrification could occur with shorter aeration duration of 2 hrs in the mixed system. NO2-N could not be produced sufficiently with lower DO concentration. Until the dissolved oxygen was exhausted, anammox reaction then proceeded but was not complete. The nitrogen removal efficiency 23.02% was slightly raised. In median aeration duration of 4 hrs, partial nitrification occurred first with more NO_2^- -N produced. Anammox reaction then proceeded more completely. The nitrogen removal efficiency 36.38% was raised to the highest of these three conditions.