精細測繪於岩坡脆弱度評估及監測應用

FINE SURVEYING AND MAPPING IN ROCK SLOPE VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT AND MONITORING APPLICATION

10.6652/JoCICHE.202104_33(2).0007

李紫彤(Tzu-Tung Lee)；陳玟伶(Wen-Ling Chen)；楊宜蓉(Yi-Rong Yang)；鄭富書(Fu-Shu Jeng)；王泰典(Tai-Tien Wang)；劉曉樺(Hsiao-Hua Liu)；曹孟真(Meng-Chen Tsao)；黃奉琦(Feng-Chi Huang)

落石監測 ； 脆弱度 ； 岩楔辨識 ； 擴增實境 ； rockfall monitoring ； vulnerability ； rock wedge identification ； augmented reality

中國土木水利工程學刊

33卷2期（2021 / 04 / 01）

151 - 162

繁體中文

岩坡與地工構造物所處環境多為半無限域空間，結構具高度靜不定特性，破壞前異狀徵兆出現位置難於透過解析力學模態預測；加之岩坡失穩常具突發性，以致傳統點狀或線狀配置的監測作業效果受限。本文將UAV或地面光達點雲產製的高精度DSM應用於視覺化不連續面調查、岩體評分以及數位實境地貌變異分析，應用於台灣東部天祥明隧道附近落石邊坡，透過點雲判釋露頭不連續面位態技術及檢定方法，檢核DSM的適用性；基於點雲判釋不連續面結果，自動萃取關鍵岩楔，繼而應用Q-slope評估坡面脆弱度；最後採視覺化展現監測結果，達到整合岩盤工程地質調查成果、精緻化場址分區、三維視覺化模型展示以及大量數據彙整分析，提昇岩體工程特性調查評估、分析設計、建造以至於運營維管的精度與效能。

The environment of rock slope and geotechnical structure is mostly a semi-infinite space. Geotechnical structure is an indeterminate structure and it is difficult to predict the location of unusual phenomena through analytical mechanics mode before structure failure. In addition, the instability of rock slope is often sudden, so that the monitoring operation effect of traditional point or linear configuration is limited. In this paper, firstly, the high-precision DSM produced by UAV or ground LiDAR point cloud is applied to visual discontinuity survey, rock mass scoring, and digital real-world geomorphological variation analysis. It is applied to the rockfall slope near the Tienhsiang rock shed in eastern Taiwan, and the point cloud is judged. Interpret the discontinuous surface state technology and verification method of the outcrop, and verify the applicability of DSM; secondly, interpret the results of discontinuous surfaces based on point clouds, automatically extract key rock wedges, and then use Q-slope to evaluate slope fragility; and finally, visual display of monitoring results is adopted to achieve the integration of rock engineering geological survey results, refined site zoning, three-dimensional visualization model display, and a large amount of data aggregation analysis to improve the investigation and evaluation of rock mass engineering characteristics, analysis, design, and construction to improve maintenance and management efficacy.

1. 王泰典(2018)。精細三維測繪世代的岩盤工程地質調查展望。土木水利，45(3)，57-66。
   連結：
2. Bar,Barton(2017).The Q-Slope Method for Rock Slope Engineering.Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,50(12),3307-3322.
3. Barton,Bar(2015).Introducing the Q-slope method and its intended use within civil and mining engineering projects.ISRM Regional Symposium EUROCK 2015
4. Carlson, R.W.(1980).Carlson, R.W., Instrument for measuring strain and stress in the field, U.C. Berkeley (1980)..
5. Hastings, E. G. G., Report of the Regular Settlement of the Peshawar District of the Punjab, Settlement officer, Lahore. Central Jail Press (1878).
6. IPCC(2012).Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation.Cambridge University Press.
7. USBR, Department of the Interior, United States of America(1977).USBR (Bureau of Reclamation, Department of the Interior, United States of America), Design of Arch Dams. Denver, Colorado (1977)..
8. USBR, Department of the Interior, United States of America(1976).USBR (Bureau of Reclamation, Department of the Interior, United States of America), Design of Gravity Dams. Denver, Colorado (1976)..
9. Zhang, Y.,Yue, P.,Zhang, G.,Guan, T.,Lv, M.,Zhong, D.(2019).Augmented Reality Mapping of Rock Mass Discontinuities and Rockfall Susceptibility Based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Photogrammetry.Remote Sens,11,1311.
10. 王泰典,邱雅筑,莊海岳,翁家浩(2019)。精細測繪結合數位實境的新世代地工監測技術。地工技術，159，21-32。
11. 王泰典,曹孟真,羅百喬,陳柔妃(2017)。各種遙測技術觀測向源侵蝕影響高山公路的應用。三聯技術，104，2-7。
12. 王泰典,韓仁毓(2016)。行政院科技部產學合作研究計畫行政院科技部產學合作研究計畫,行政院科技部。
13. 翁作新(1985)。量測儀圖之基本原理介紹。地工技術，10，5-10。
14. 張吉佐(2011)。大地工程技術之回顧與展望。中興工程季刋，107，39-55。
15. 曹孟真,王泰典(2016)。地面光達點雲判釋露頭不連續面位態技術及檢定方法。2016 岩盤工程研討會論文集，高雄:
16. 莊海岳(2018)。台北，國立臺北科技大學資源工程研究所。
17. 陳玟伶(2019)。國立臺北科技大學研究所。
18. 楊濟豪,曹孟真,詹尚書,李亮瑩,王泰典,許宗傑,柯承宏,陳怡頻(2014)。地面光達應用於露頭不連續面調查與岩體工程特性評估探討。中華水土保持學報，45(1)，1-18。
19. 劉世桐,李佳翰,王泰典(2012)。從中橫公路東段養護經驗探討工程地質特性對公路養護之影響。地工技術，131，35-46。