题名

董仲舒的政治哲學與宇宙論進路的儒學建構

并列篇名

Dong, Zhong Shu establish Confucianism through the approach of Political and Cosmological theory

DOI

10.7065/MRPC.200309.0019

作者

杜保瑞(Bau-Ruei Duh)

关键词

董仲舒 ; 春秋繁露 ; 天人相感 ; 方法論 ; 儒學 ; 宇宙論 ; 政治哲學 ; 孔子 ; 孟子 ; 人性論 ; 仁義 ; Dong ; Zhong Shu ; Confucianism ; Spring and Autumn Annals ; Cosmology ; political theory

期刊名称

哲學與文化

卷期/出版年月

30卷9期(2003 / 09 / 01)

页次

19 - 40

内容语文

繁體中文

中文摘要

本文旨在探究董仲舒的理論活動中的哲學創作意義。董仲舒藉由政治問題的思考,提出「改制」「祭天」「教化」等規範原則,遵從德治主義,從而豐富了儒學內涵,但是立論依據都指向天意志的存在,天意志的內涵就是儒學原理,這就是宇宙論進路的儒學建構。理論構作的方式就是將自然秩序予以德性化,至於自然秩序的知識則是後引自秦漢之際的自然哲學知識,所以董仲舒並不是宇宙論知識的創造者,他是藉由宇宙論進路而建構哲學理論的儒學家,主要就是藉由「天人相感說」而使用陰陽五行等概念架構起來的理論體系,此外,他對於君王教化的問題、以及仁義概念的討論、及君王統治術的觀點都有值得檢討的地方,亦為本文所論及。董仲舒之學以一強勢思考模式進入歷史,產生影響,卻並不表示這套思想就是具理,但是他卻是中國哲學真理觀建構進程中一個重要的歷程。

英文摘要

Dong, Zhong Shu was the most Gloria philosopher at the Han dynastic. The significance of his theory will never go down only there remain the Chinese style of government and politics. Dong, Zhong Shu insisted on the Confucianism position instead of the Taoism and the Law school at the Han dynastic. According to the huge historical change, the powerful new empire had already controlled all the political resource in the world. For the people's benefit's consideration, he could only try to use the force of the Heaven to restrict the government's authority. His theory therefore is full of the characteristic of the cosmological thinking. He maintained that the king of a new empire should accept the will of the God. And which was just the same with all the moral principles of the Confucianism. If the king did something immoral, the God Will. punish the whole country and the people will suffer from it. To the worse, the whole kingdom will be overthrow by people and this is also the permit of the God. Dong, Zhong Shu in a large number used the concepts such as the Yin-Yang and the five elements of metal, wood, water, fire, and earth to construct his political principles. And these theoretical works were all done by the interpretation of the book of Spring and Autumn Annals which was known to be written by Confucian himself. In this article, the author will discuss the theoretical contribution and methodological reflection of this Han dynastic Confucianism.

主题分类 人文學 > 人文學綜合
参考文献
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被引用次数
  1. 陳祺助(2005)。論王船山氣論的義理特色—與傳統主要氣論之說比較。鵝湖學誌,35,103-147。
  2. 杜保瑞(2004)。張載哲學體系的基本哲學問題詮釋進路。哲學論集,37,267-321+359-361。
  3. 林素娟(2005)。漢代復仇議題所凸顯的君臣關係及忠孝觀念。成大中文學報,12,23-45。
  4. 王博(2019)。董仲舒天人相副說新闡:從人副天數到天人感應。東吳哲學學報,39,23-48。
  5. 吳惠玲(2023)。天命與天分-試就班彪〈王命論〉與劉卲〈英雄篇〉論帝王與英雄之定位。臺北大學中文學報,34,57-101。
  6. (2007)。論董仲舒的天道思想與天人關係。哲學與文化,34(10),115-133。