道家哲學八論

Eight Arguments on the Taoist Philosophy

10.7065/MRPC.200310.0057

王煜(Yuk Wang)

無情有性 ； 口兵戒 ； 同性戀 ； 民族性 ； 溪山琴況 ； 音樂美學 ； 冷謙 ； 徐上瀛 ； 袁宏道 ； 文昌帝君 ； Homosexuality ； Nationality ； Musical Aesthetics ； Leng Qian ； Xu Shang-ying ； Yuan Hueng-dao ； The God of Literature

哲學與文化

30卷10期（2003 / 10 / 01）

57 - 64

繁體中文

本文有八論點：（一）孟子將道德投射於宇宙，莊子把情趣投射游魚，啟導佛教三論宗祖師吉藏將佛性投射於植物；唐代天台宗九祖湛然提出低等的生物及礦物皆有佛性。（二）老莊同樣恪尊遠古帝王的樸素，稍異於盧梭崇尚野蠻人的高貴。（三）莊周〈庚桑楚〉激發劉禹錫領悟語言如「讒」可似武器厲害。（四）道教桃園傳說感染羅貫中創造劉關張桃園結義，香港陶傑（曹捷）誤用「斷袖分桃」誣陷三雄同性戀。（五）李約瑟恰切理解道家思想為中國民族性的健康樹根，呂錫琛教授更駁斥韋伯的錯誤而且援引崔璦至林語堂的大批例證。（六）元末明初道士冷謙精研《易》經及音律。參閱司空圖二十四詩品觀後，晚明徐上瀛將冷謙十六種風格增至二十四項。（七）明代公安派袁宏道珍惜文物，勸誡塗鴉，堪稱環保先驅。（八）道教諸神中，文昌帝君庇佑科舉考生，故特受崇拜。

There are eight arguments in this paper: 1. Mencius projected morality onto the cosmos; Zhuang Zi projected his interest onto flowing fish; Ji-zang, the founder of the Buddhist Three-Treatise school, projected buddhatva onto plants; and in the Tan Dynasty, Jan Ran from the Tiantai school proposed that even low creatures and mineral have buddhatva. 2. Different from Rousseau's idolization of the noble savages, both Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi followed the modest spirit of the ancient kings. 3.Zhuang Zi inspired Liu Yu-xi about the weapon-like power of blandishment. 4. The legend of the Taoist Peach Garden made LuoGuan-zhueng create the story about the brotherhood of Liu Bai, Guan Yu and Zhang Fai, but Tao Jie from Hong Kong wrongly accused them of homosexuality. 5. Joseph Needham appropriately understood Taoist thought as the healthy root of the Chinese people, while Professor Lu Xi-chen rebutted the mistakes of Webb and cited a great deal from the ancient examples down to those of Lin Yu-tang. 6. Around the turn of the Yuan and the Ming Dynasties, the shaman Leng Qian studied Yi Jing and cadences, while in the late Ming Dynasty, Xu Shang-ying expanded Leng Qian's sixteen styles into twenty-four styles. 7. In the Ming Dynasty, Yuan Hueng-dao from the Gueng An school, cherishing cultural artifacts and cautioning against graffiti, should be respected as the pioneer of the environmental protection movement. 8. The God of Literature among all the Taoist gods protects students and is particularly admired.