現代人之生命哲學探討

Modern People's Philosophy of Life-from the "Death of God" to the "Death of Man"

10.7065/MRPC.200502.0115

林立樹(Li-Shu Lin)

後現代 ； 命哲學 ； 現代社會 ； Postmodern ； Life Philosophy ； Modern Society

哲學與文化

32卷2期（2005 / 02 / 01）

115 - 126

繁體中文

歷史與哲學有別，歷史講究「真實」，哲學講究「真理」，兩者不同調，真理跨越時間，真實受限時間，兩者可否互補，令人好奇。嚴格說來，生命所追求既是真理也是真實，從真理面來看，它是人的本質，包括生命的意義，生命的終極，生活的態度，生活的內容，儘管是不同時代的人，但都可能有共同的想法；從真實面來看，不同的時代的人則有不同的際遇，有不同的反應，往往影響著對生命的解讀。這是一個耐人尋味的話題，也是一個發人省思的問題。本文擬從歷史的變遷過程，從生命的共時性和歷時性兩種不同立場，進行對現代的生命觀進行解讀，特別是由影響西方思潮的兩大轉捩點：「上帝之死」與「人之死」來尋求生命的意義。

History, distinct from philosophy, is about the ”reality” while philosophy is about ”truth.” The truth can transcends time, while the reality is confined within the boundaries of time; it's intriguing whether the two of them are complimentary to one another. Strictly speaking, life is after both the truth and the reality. In terms of the truth, it's the essence of human being, including the meaning of life, the ultimate of life, the attitude about life and the content of life; people may have similar thoughts even if they are from different times. Regarding the reality, people from different times have different encounters and different responses, which often affect one's reading of life. This is an intriguing as well as a thought-provoking question. This paper is intended to interpret the modern views about life in terms of the transitions of history from the different positions of synchrony and diachrony. In particular, we search for the meaning of life through the two major turning points that have made great impact on Western thoughts: the ”death of God” and the ”death of Man.”