尊重：一個後現代社會的生活態度

Respect: A Living Attitude in Postmodern Society

10.7065/MRPC.200506.0005

楊劍豐(Chien-Feng Yang)

後現代社會 ； 鮑曼 ； 尊重 ； 自我中心的否定 ； postmodern society ； Zygmunt Bauman ； respect ； the denial of self-center

哲學與文化

32卷6期（2005 / 06 / 01）

5 - 18

繁體中文

本文主要將依鮑曼(Zygmunt Bauman，1925-)對後現代社會的境況及主要特微的分析與說明入手，由這一說明論述下，我們發現後現代社會顯現為一個特重個別差異與自由的多元價值社會；傳統視為普遍、理性、整體和諧的價值觀念，在個體自由化的追求下被解構了，成為不斷流動的價值消費市場，也因此後現代社會更表現出一種價值混亂、人心惶惶無所歸依的不安全感的型態。 思考如何解決因個體自由所導致的價值混亂的亂象社會，並不能單純的只回復傳統以共同體的利益與安全為考量，而強行制定法律規範或制度、強行規範或宣揚一些倫理道德原則，迫使人群、公民去遵守。那麼，我們如何面對價值混亂的亂象社會呢？或許透過教育培養公民「尊重」的「倫理心態」和生活態度，應是一條較可行的道路，也應是人生哲學課程的主要內容之一。本文將依循史懷哲(Albert Schweitzer)「敬畏生命倫理」而提出「尊重」這一最流行的語詞，並說明此語詞的主要意涵，以作為生活於後現代的我們行事的基本態度。

The main point of this article will from Zygmunt Bauman's analyse and state the characteristics and conditions of postmodern society. According to the explanations and statement. We can find out that it reveals that postmodern society emphasizes particularly on individualism, liberty and multiple values of society. Traditionally the regards of the values of universal rational, the whole harmony were depatched from the pursuit of individual liberty. And they become the flooding tides of value consuming market. For the reasons above, postmodern society presents a type of disorders and a sense of unsecurity. To consider about how to solve the society chaos caused by the individual liberty, simply reversed to traditional considerations of coexistent benefits and security by setting lawful regulations, improving regiment systems, or propagendizing some moral ethics forcing the civic citizens to obey are not enough. Then, how do we face the value disorders in society? Maybe, through education to cultivate people the ethics of respect will be a good solution. This essay will follow Albert Schweitzer's 「Ethic of Respect life」 and also propose the term of respect and widely explain its meaning. Let respect be our basic living attitude in the postmodern society.

1. (2007)。倫理生活的後現代構想。哲學與文化，34(2)，21-38。