意識生命之前

Before the consciousness-life

10.7065/MRPC.200602.0101

蕭豫安(Yuh-An Shiau)

意識生命 ； 非意識生命 ； 構成 ； 意識生命的發生基礎 ； Tconsciousness life ； non-consciousness life ； constitution ； the genetic foundation of the consciousness life

哲學與文化

33卷2期（2006 / 02 / 01）

101 - 117

繁體中文

本文企圖嘗試，透過胡塞爾的現象學指出，我們的生活世界並不只是構成於意識生命，尤其是發生構成於意識生命之前的非意識生命。本文將滿足於指出意識生命發生於非意識生命。關於深入地開展出非意識生命層面的任務，則留待未來另闢專文處理。 本文中，我將嘗試以下列的步驟，來達成所企圖的目的。從我們所在的生活世界出發，我們可以反省到：世上萬事萬物都具有其一定的意義類型，而這卻是有其本體論結構做為背景。這層反省促使我們不得不追問：現象學「知識」本身是否也被框架在本體論結構當中？ 這裡，我們只能透過區隔出本體論和現象學基本學術態度的不同來回答這個問題。事實上，我們同時尤其是突顯出了現象學的精神與要義所在：我們的生活世界是構成於意識生命中，當然這裡所指的尤其是超驗的意識生命。超驗意識成為還原生命本相的超驗類型，而且是世界得以構成式回歸的所在。 問題是：如此展示出來的現象學構成模式，所謂的ego-cogito-cogitatum是落實在意識生命活動上所開展出來的。不想有著偏見前提的現象學知識，卻必須問：意識生命如何而能不是預設前提的自我示理？意識生命是如何可能的？ 問題的回答導向潛入意識生命之前的層面，這同時是潛入意識生命的深層面向。因為我們將看到，非意識生命是意識生命的發生基礎，意識生命是發生於非意識生命。這無疑是說，我們所在的生活世界不只是構成在意識生命之上，而更是發生構成在非意識生命之上。

This essay tries to show that, by Husserl's Phenomenology, our life-world is constituted not only by consciousness life, but also by non-consciousness life which is prior to the generation of consciousness. I will be confident to indicate emphatically that consciousness life is originated from non-consciousness life. For the task of detail discussion of the non-consciousness life, it will need another essay to deal with and will not be in the scope of this essay. In this essay, I will try following steps to fulfill the purpose. From our life-world in which we reside, we can reflect: all the things in the world have their types of meaning and there are their ontological structures as back grounds. In the reflection of this level, we have to ask whether the phenomenological 「knowledge」 itself is framed within the ontological structure. Then, we try to represent the difference of the scientific basic attitude between Ontology and Phenomenology in order to answer this question. In principle we will see one of the most important achievements of the Phenomenology: Our life-World is constituted in the consciousness life, whereby this is transcendental discovered. Transcendental consciousness is now considered as a transcendental type, on which the world-life will be led back phenomenogically. The problem is however that the basic shape of the Husserls Phenomenology ”ego-cogito-cogitatum” is through and in consciousness -activities (-acts) exhibited. Thus, consciousness -activities (-acts) are presupposed. Not wanted to contain the presupposition of the bias of Phenomenological knowledge, we have gone further to ask the questions: How can the consciousness life prove itself without this condition? How is the consciousness life possible? The way to answer these questions will lead us to descend into the deep layers of the consciousness life which are already pre-constituted before the consciousness life. Here, we achieved the goal of this essay that we can see that the non-conscious life is the genetic foundation of the consciousness life. Consciousness is becoming from non-conscious. Therefore, we can also see that our life-world does not only be constituted in the consciousness life, but also pre -constituted genetic-phenomenogically in the non-conscious life.