中國古代有沒有不同於西方邏輯的邏輯理論？

Were There Logic Theories That Are Different from Western Logic Theories in Ancient China?

10.7065/MRPC.200606.0101

王左立(Zuo-Li Wang)

中國邏輯史 ； 邏輯理論 ； 名辯學 ； the history of Chinese logic ； logic theories ； the theory of names and argumentation

哲學與文化

33卷6期（2006 / 06 / 01）

101 - 110

繁體中文

中國邏輯史的研究已近一個世紀。研究結果表明，中國古代的名辯學不同於西方的邏輯學理論。名辯學是什麼性質的學說？它是不是邏輯理論？這是需要解決的問題。當代中國邏輯史研究表現出了以西釋中的傾向，這種傾向具有必然性。但以西釋中決不意味著可以用西方的理論任意地肢解中國古代的學說。我們無法保證文本解釋的客觀性，但卻必須要求解釋具有合理性。我們應該根據古代漢語中語詞的用法等對先秦的名辯學著作做出合理的解釋。現代學術的發展為解讀先秦名辯學提供了新的視角和新的工具。利用新的工具重新整理名辯學說，從中發現中國古代特有的邏輯理論是完全可能的。

The research of the history of Chinese logic has been going on for about a century. The research suggests that the theory of names and argumentation in ancient China is quite different from Western logic theories. What is the nature of the theory? Is it logic theory? These questions need to be answered. Contemporary research of the history of Chinese logic exhibits an inclination of interpreting Chinese theories with Western theories. The inclination is somewhat necessary. But this does not mean that ancient Chinese theories should be dismembered arbitrarily by Western theories. The interpretation of the texts cannot be guaranteed objective, but is necessarily reasonable. We should interpret Pre-Qin works of names and argumentation reasonably according to the usages of ancient Chinese, etc. Contemporary academic development provides new dimensions and new tools for interpreting Pre-Qin theory of names and argumentation. With these new tools, we can quite probably discover a specific logic theory in ancient Chinese theory of names and argumentation.

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