题名 |
語句與真值 |
并列篇名 |
Sentence and Truth Value |
DOI |
10.7065/MRPC.200606.0067 |
作者 |
莊佳珣(Chia-Hsun Chuang) |
关键词 |
弗列格 ; 真 ; 真值 ; 語句 ; 命題 ; 維根斯坦 ; 圖像理論 ; 邏輯主義 ; Frege ; truth ; truth value ; sentence ; proposition ; Wittgenstein ; picture theory ; logicism |
期刊名称 |
哲學與文化 |
卷期/出版年月 |
33卷6期(2006 / 06 / 01) |
页次 |
67 - 77 |
内容语文 |
繁體中文 |
中文摘要 |
弗列格主張,邏輯的任務首在研究真的法則。然而,到底什麼叫做真呢?弗列格認為真理是客觀的、不受時空影響而且獨立於人類的心靈,以此為標準,語句可以作為真值的承擔者,換言之,語句可以為真或為假。然而,語句為何可以為真或為假?維根斯坦提出圖像理論來回答這個問題,他認為命題與事實擁有相同的邏輯形式,命題是事實的圖像,因此命題可以為真或為假。命題的真假必須對照於事實,與事實相符者為真,與事實不符者為假。所謂命題,即語句的內容,命題必然為真或為假,其內容是客觀的、不受時空影響且獨立於人類的心靈,這正是弗列格所謂的思想。維根斯坦還認為,命題必須擁有真值,否則就無意義可言。因此,命題成立的基礎其實是與實在異質同構的邏輯形式。乍看之下,我們的問題似乎是一個意義理論的問題,不過經過進一步的考察,我們發現這更是一個關於邏輯本質的問題,弗列格與維根斯坦所奉行的邏輯主義是其意義理論的終極基礎。以這個意義而言,我們的問題有其深刻的形上學向度。 |
英文摘要 |
Frege believed the pursuit of logic is the laws of truth. But what does it all mean to be true? Frege thought truths should be objective, timeless, and independent of human's mind. In this sense, sentence can be the bearer of truth value, in other words, sentences can be true or false. But how can a sentence to be true (of false)? Wittgenstein thought a proposition was a picture of a fact because they had something in common-logical form so called. Whether a proposition is true or false we must compare it with reality. A proposition is the content of a sentence and in fact it is what Frege called thought. A proposition has sense only if it can be true or false. According, a sentence being true or false is guaranteed by the status of logic. At first sight the question of this essay is a question of theory of meaning, as we carefully survey, it turns to a question concerning the nature of logic. The logicism Frege and Wittgenstein insisted is the ultimate basis for their theory of meaning. In this sense we say there has some metaphysical version of the question. |
主题分类 |
人文學 >
人文學綜合 |
参考文献 |
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