創化、神與全球倫理

Creativity, the Divine and a Global Ethics

10.7065/MRPC.200706.0027

大衛•葛瑞芬(David Ray Griffin)；俞懿嫻(Yih-Hsien Yu)

全球倫理 ； 創化 ； 有神論 ； 唯物論 ； 歷程有神論 ； 道德 ； 規範 ； Global Ethics ； Creativity ； Theism ； Materialism ； Process Theism ； Morality ； Norm

哲學與文化

34卷6期（2007 / 06 / 01）

27 - 41

繁體中文

本文將有以下論點：（一）如果我們想要解決全球問題（如戰爭、帝國主義、全球隔離貧富差距和生態危機等等），我們需要－全球倫理。（二）這項倫理不能由最近的現代世界觀所提供，該世界觀以物質－能量做為宇宙終極的真際，因為這項觀點是虛無主義的，否認道德規範是宇宙構成的一部份。（三）這項倫理不能由西方傳統神學所提供，因為傳統神學認為終極真際只有一個從無中創造世界的神。根據這項觀點，除了與科學方法和邪惡的事實抵觸，且提倡個人傳統的經典能無誤的激發人的心靈，以致其殊別性的（非普遍性的）道德訓誡應當被普遍推廣。（四）一個全球倫理的哲學基礎可由懷德海的世界觀所提供，因為該觀點主張終極是上帝和創化。

I will argue the following theses: (1) If we are to solve our global problems (such as war, imperialism, global apartheid, and the ecological crisis), we need a global ethic. (2) Such an ethic cannot be provided by the late modern worldview, according to which matter-energy is the only ultimate reality, because this view is nihilistic, denying that moral norms belong to the fabric of the universe. (3) Such an ethic also cannot be provided by traditional Western theism, according to which the only ultimate reality is a deity who created the world ex nihilo, because this view, besides conflicting with scientific method and the fact of evil, promotes the idea that the scriptures of one's tradition are infallibly inspired, so that its particularistic (non-universal) moral injunctions should be universally enforced. (4) The philosophical foundation for a global ethic can be provided by Whitehead's worldview, with its two ultimates: God and creativity.

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