《禮記》家庭倫理觀之當代省思

The Contemporary Reflection on the Familial Ethics of Liji

10.7065/MRPC.200810.0133

傅玲玲(Ling-Ling Fu)

禮記 ； 禮 ； 倫理 ； 親親之殺 ； 孝 ； 夫婦 ； Liji ； Propriety/Li ； Ethics ； The Differing Levels in Loving Relatives ； Piety ； Husband and Wife

哲學與文化

35卷10期（2008 / 10 / 01）

133 - 151

繁體中文

《禮記》1中對於家庭、親族以至社會、政治等倫理關係及禮儀行為皆有所規範，欲以建構人群社會的秩序性，並作為治國及教化的準則，本文以探討《禮記》之家庭倫理觀為目標，並以「父子有親」、「夫婦有義」的倫理觀為主題探究之。由於《禮記》所面對的社會與當今社會不同，故吾人探討其哲學思想時，更應掌握其中「可變革者」與「不可變革者」的原則予以反省，而非僅在其制度面予以批評，否則，極易淪於以今非古的立場，對於以二千多年前社會為思考基礎的思想而言，亦有失公允。筆者認為：若能掌握「禮」中精義，以形式上的變更符合當代社會的型態，則「禮」仍舊有其價值，這也是《禮記》所期許的「『禮』之教」－「恭儉、莊敬而不煩，則深於《禮》者也」的真義！

In Liji, there are norms to regulate the ethical relationships within the family, clan, society and politics as well as the ceremonial behaviors, so as to construct the orderliness of the public and the society and function as the principles of governing the state and cultivating the people. The purpose of this paper is to address the familial ethics of Liji, inquiring the ethical views of the ”sincerity between father and son” and the ”obligation between husband and wife.” Considering that the society Liji was confronted with was different from the contemporary society, one should reflect on the ”changeable” and the ”unchangeable” principles, rather than merely criticizing the aspect of systems, as he or she explores the philosophy of Liji, otherwise one would easily fall into the rut of criticizing the past with that of the present. Moreover, such a petty criticism is unfair to a society that existed more than 2,000 years ago. The writer's opinion is as follows: if one can grasp the essence of ”propriety/li” and make some formal adjustment to the contemporary society, ”propriety/li” would still be valuable; and that is also the true meaning of the education of ”propriety/li” as expected by Liji.

1. 勾承益(2002)。先秦禮學。成都:巴蜀書社。
2. 王文錦(2001)。禮記譯解。北京:中華書局。
3. 王先謙(1992)。荀子集解。北京:中華書局。
4. 王國維(2003)。觀堂集林。河北:河北教育出版社。
5. 王靜芝(1992)。經學通論。台北:國立編譯館。
6. 王鍔(2007)。《禮記》成書考。北京:中華書局。
7. 肖群忠(1995)。《禮記》的孝道思想及其泛化。西北師大學報（社會科學版），32(2)，33-38。
8. 阮元校刻(1980)。十三經注疏。北京:中華書局。
9. 姜義華(1996)。論《禮記》及其文化內涵。中國文化，14，142-158。
10. 許慎(2005)。說文解字。北京:中華書局。
11. 陳來(2002)。古代思想文化的世界－春秋時代的宗教、倫理與社會思想。北京:三聯書店。
12. 黃宛峰(1997)。禮樂淵藪－《禮記》與中國文化。開封:河南大學出版社。