胡塞爾與他者問題－基本規模的闡釋與初步定位

Husserl and the Question of the Other

10.7065/MRPC.200904.0071

吳俊業(Chon-Ip Ng)

胡塞爾 ； 他者 ； Edmund Husserl ； the Other

哲學與文化

36卷4期（2009 / 04 / 01）

71 - 84

繁體中文

他者之他異性是當代哲學討論中的焦點探討的議題，它的首要地位一方面是基於他者問題的普遍有效性，另一方面則是基於其深度。他者問題普遍有效，既涉及最具體的交互主體現象，亦涉及極抽象的形上學探討。他者同時為根源問題，它非但涉及某個個殊領域的現象，而是牽涉現象起現自身的可能性，換句話說，對他者的他異性之思想，實乃超越哲學式之探問。 在學理上，當代對他者議題的超越哲學式討論乃肇始於胡塞爾(E. Husserl)現象學中的相互主體性理論。本文章會以胡塞爾在對於「陌異者經驗」(Fremderfahrung)的分析為始點，一方面重新檢討胡塞爾的計劃與具體分析成果，另一方面則嘗試揭示傳統的超越哲學與他者問題之間的張力。本文的初步論旨是：他者問題是超越現象學內部轉化，甚至瓦解埋下了重要根源。

The Otherness of the Other is a key issue of the contemporary philosophy. The primacy of this problem is based on its general validity on the one hand, and its intensity on the other. It is a recurrent problem in different philosophical discourses, from the intersubjective to the metaphysical; and it is also one the most original problem as it concern not just phenomena from a isolated region, but the possibility of appearing as such. In a nutshell, the question of Otherness is a transcendental problem. The transcendental questioning of Otherness can be traced back to the theory of intersubjectivity of Husserl's phenomenology. Taking Husserl famous analysis of ”Fremderfahrung” as a starting point, we would like to reexamine in this article Husserl's project of intersubjectivity, as well as to reveal the internal tension between the project of transcendental phenomenology and the problem of Other. Our working thesis is: The problem of Other has enormous import to the inflection, even to the destruction of the course of transcendental phenomenology.

1. Husserl, Edmund.(1922).Logische Untersuchung.Halle:Max Niemeyer.
2. Husserl, Edmund.,von Dieter Lohmar (Hrsg.)(2006).Späte Texte über Zeitkonstitution (1929-1934): die C-Manuskripte.Dordrecht:Springer.
3. Husserl, Edmund.,von Rudolf Bernet (Hrsg.),Dieter Lohmar(2001).Die Bernauer Manuskripte über das Zeitbewusstsein, Husserliana.Dordrecht:Kluwer Academic.
4. Husserl, Edmund.,von Rudolf Boehm (Hrsg.)(1966).Zur Phänomenologie des Inneren Zeitbewusstseins (1893-1917), Husserliana.Haag:Martinus Nijhoff.

1. 蔣興立(2022)。後人類時代的虛擬愛情：論平路與張系國科幻小說中的電子情人。女學學誌：婦女與性別研究，50，43-74。