中國哲學向胡塞爾現象學之三問

Three Questions from Chinese Philosophy Addressed to Husserl's Phenomenology

10.7065/MRPC.200904.0009

耿寧(Iso Kern)；李峻(Jun Li)；倪梁康

他者 ； 同情 ； 良知 ； 意向性 ； 寂然意識 ； The Other ； Sympathy ； Original knowledge ； Intentionality ； Tranquil consciousness

哲學與文化

36卷4期（2009 / 04 / 01）

9 - 29

繁體中文

中國哲學家，特別是孟子、王陽明及其追隨者，追求成為「聖人」。這要求他們對人自身的意識進行徹底的反思和根本的轉變。因此他們發現和探索了意識的一些特殊方面，這些方面未被胡塞爾現象學納入考慮，並因而向後者提出了啟發性的問題。本文探討了三個相關問題：一、一種對其他人或動物的直接感受；二、道德意識和對自身的意向行為和生動經驗的直接意識之間的關係；三、冥思的寂然意識的意向性。

Chinese philosophers, especially Mencius, Wang Yangming and Wang's followers, pursue the way to become a 「holy man」, which requires a thorough reflection on, and a radical change of one's own consciousness. Hence they discover and investigate some special aspects of consciousness, which haven't been taken into account by Husserlian Phenomenology, and therefore pose revealing questions to the latter. This article discusses three of them: the first question concerns a direct feeling for other human beings and animals; the second question concerns the relation between the moral conscience and the immediate consciousness of one's own intentional acts or lived-experiences; the third question concerns the intentionality of the meditative, tranquil consciousness.

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