| 题名 |
對西方文化中無神主義現象的再省思 |
| 并列篇名 |
A Reflection on the Atheistic Phenomena in Western Culture |
| DOI |
10.7065/MRPC.200909.0005 |
| 作者 |
李震(Gabriel Ly) |
| 关键词 |
無神主義 ； 文藝復興 ； 啟蒙運動 ； 人文主義人文精神 ； 自然宗教 ； 理神論 ； Atheism ； Renaissance ； Enlightenment ； Humanism ； Natural Religion ； Deism |
| 期刊名称 |
哲學與文化 |
| 卷期/出版年月 |
36卷9期（2009 / 09 / 01） |
| 页次 |
5 - 21 |
| 内容语文 |
繁體中文 |
| 中文摘要 |
西方文化中無神主義現象有其歷史的複雜性，吾人可以就哲學傳統中對人的看法及構成人根本條件的探討可知。筆者藉由義大利著名哲學家尼各老•阿巴尼阿諾(Nicola Abbagnano, 1901-1990)的主張以及對瑞士文化歷史學家布卡特(Jacob Christoph Burckhardt, 1818-1897)觀點的反省，指出人文及人本的差異，並對文藝復興及啟蒙運動影響下無神主義所產生的現象加以梳理。本文強調：人是物質與精神、形體與靈魂的結合體，人既受時間與空間的限制，但是又有超越時空的精神活動。人的心靈具有一種直接地體會或本能，使我們心悅誠服地去追求，去把握，去擁抱內在於它們的真、善、美、聖等普遍價位或超越特性。人類原是有限的、局部的存有者，藉由無限的存有者的分受或分享，因而具有與生俱來的類似本能的對不朽生命的渴盼，因為只有在這條件之下，我們才有分享永怯幸福的可能。文中繼而對由文藝復興啟蒙運動所延續的後現代主義思潮加以批判，指他們在肯定人類在追求意義的同時，並不相信自己能夠找到建立終極意義和普遍價值的條件，由是既跳不出現代哲學之主觀主義以及去傳統形上學及存有論的案臼，同時又在重視和極力強調個人自由和高舉情緒的條件之下，僅肯定了形而上的內在性原理，但卻又置超越性原理於不顧，因此後現代主義或後現代性必然的與極端的懷疑論產生聯繫。 |
| 英文摘要 |
The atheistic phenomena in Western Culture have their historical complexities, which one can understand by inquiring how human beings are seen and what fundamental conditions constitute human beings in the tradition of philosophy. The writer employs the c1aims made by Nicola Abbagnano (1901-1990), reflects on the ideas of the Swiss cultural historian Jacob Christoph Burckhardt (1818-1897), and sort out the phenomena induced by atheism under the influence of Renaissance and the Enlightenment. In this artic1e, it's stressed that human beings are the combination of material and spirit as well as body and soul, who are limited by time and space while at the same time having spiritual activities beyond temporal and spatial limits. One's mind has a sort of direct understanding or instinct which enables us to willingly pursue, grasp and embrace the universal values or transcendental qualities within it, such as truth, goodness and beauty. Human beings are finite and partial beings in the first place, who are born with the instinct-like aspiration for the immortal life as a result of the infinite beings' sharing, as it's only under such a condition that we could possibly share the eternal happiness. Then, we criticize the thoughts of post-modernism as the successor of Renaissance and the En1ightenment. It is pointed out that, while approving human beings, search for meanings, the post-modem thoughts are not assured of their abi1ity to find the conditions for the building of ultimate meanings and universal va1ues. Therefore, unable to break the stereotypes-subjectivism, elimination of traditional metaphysics and ontology-of modem philosophy on the one hand and under the conditions of emphasizing individual liberties and highlighting emotions on the other hand, post-modem thoughts simply affirm the metaphysical principles of inwardness but ignore principles. Consequently, post-modernism inevitably linked with the extreme skepticism. |
| 主题分类 |
人文學 >
人文學綜合 |
| 参考文献 |
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