＂Shi＂ (time; timing 時): The Transformative Creativity of Time

「時」：時間的轉化與創造性

蘭菲(Fei LAN)

Change ； Creativity ； Junzi (the noble man 君子) ； Shengren (the sage 聖人) ； Shi (time ； timing 時) ； the Yijing ； Yin Yang ； 變化 ； 創造性 ； 君子 ； 聖人 ； 時 ； 《易經》 ； 陰陽

哲學與文化

44卷7期（2017 / 07 / 01）

139 - 162

英文

This paper investigates the notion of ＂shi＂ (time; timing 時) in the Yijing (also known as I Ching) (The Book of Changes or The Classic of Changes 《易經》) through the prism of the commentaries of the Tuan Zhuan (＂Interpretive remarks on hexagram judgments＂ 〈彖傳〉), Xiang Zhuan (＂Interpretive remarks on hexagram judgments and hexagram line judgments＂ 〈象傳〉), Wenyan (＂Interpretive remarks on Qian and Kun Hexagram judgments＂ 〈文言〉), and the Xici (＂Great Treatises＂ 〈繫辭〉). A close reading of these commentaries discerns several important motifs in the exegetes and commentators' discourse on time, which I identify as ＂shengsheng buxi＂ (ceaselessly creating and recreating 生生不息), ＂qiri laifu＂ (to return/revert after seven days 七日來復), and ＂yishi xiexing＂ (to go along with time 與時偕行). I argue that ＂time＂ in the commentary texts of the Yizhuan is essentially to be understood as a transformative temporality that reveals the ancient Chinese cosmological view on the triad of heaven, earth, and humankind and brings to light the moral value of the cosmic order in harmonizing the cosmos and the human world through incessant changes and transformations.

所謂《易經》，指《周易》，它由經傳兩個部分構成。傳，即《易傳》，或曰十翼，乃是對經的闡釋。藉著對〈彖傳〉，〈象傳〉，〈文言〉和〈繫辭〉的研讀，本文旨在探討《易傳》中「時」的觀念。在我看來，易的詮釋者關於時的闡釋主要圍繞三個主題展開，即「生生不息」、「七日來復」和「與時偕行」。基於對這三個主題的分析和研究，本文的立論是：「時」的觀念乃是易之詮釋者的哲學構建。在《易傳》的詮釋傳統裡，「時」從本質上講即創造性的時間，它載承了中國古代宇宙論關於天地人和的理想，從而昭示宇宙自然的道德價值在於通過不斷的轉化與創造和諧自然與人類的關係。

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