民心即天命：董仲舒政治哲學的內在邏輯與人文關懷

Popular Support Is Mandate of Heaven: Internal Logic and Humanistic Concern of Dong Zhongshu's Political Philosophy

曾振宇(Zhenyu ZENG)

民心 ； 天命 ； 愛民 ； 仁 ； 王道 ； Popular Support ； Mandate of Heaven ； Love the People ； Ren ； Kingcraft

哲學與文化

44卷12期（2017 / 12 / 01）

113 - 126

繁體中文

董仲舒從形上學高度論證「民心即天命」，凡是贏得民心的政權，一定是順受天命的政權；凡是喪失民心的政權，必定也是被天命所否定乃至廢絕的政權。董仲舒力圖論證政治哲學根本性問題：何為政治之善？董仲舒的回答是：超越現實私己利益，將現實政治制度、政治決策、政治倫理、制度倫理和社會政治理想目標建立在儒家仁義這一文化依託與道德精神之上，以是否「愛民」作為政治原則，以是否順應民心、是否符合仁義作為社會政治最高圭臬與終極奮鬥目標，就是政治之善。為天下立法，是董仲舒孜孜以求的社會使命。

As ＂The Leader of Confucian Scholars＂, Dong Zhongshu demonstrated ＂popular support is Mandate of Heave＂ from the height of metaphysics. Every regime which win popular support must be a regime which adjusts itself to be accepted by the mandate of heaven. Every regime which lost popular support must also be a regime which negated and even abolished by mandate of heaven. Based on the analysis of a series of propositions and thought of ＂Popular Support Is Mandate of Heave＂, we find Dong Zhongshu tried to demonstrate the fundamental problem of political philosophy-What is the good of politics? Dong Zhongshu answered to the question and expressed his views on the good of politics-Beyond the realistic private interests, base the realistic political system, political decision, political ethics, system ethics and social political ideal goals on the Confucian kindheartedness and justice which functions as cultural attachment and moral spirit, take whether the regime love the people or not as a political principle, and hold whether the regime meet the kindheartedness and justice or not as the ultimate goal of social politics. Legislation for the world is the social mission which Dong Zhongshu diligently strive after.

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