亞里斯多德論第一推動者與神的關係

Aristotle on the Relation Between the First Mover and God

田書峰(Shufeng TIAN)

第一推動者 ； 神 ； 理性 ； 亞里斯多德 ； The First Mover ； God ； Intellect ； Aristotle

哲學與文化

45卷6期（2018 / 06 / 01）

177 - 193

繁體中文

在以多瑪斯．阿奎那為代表的中世紀士林哲學傳統中，亞里斯多德所說的「不被運動的推動者」（τὸ κινοῦν άκίνητον）或「第一推動者」被認為是上帝。這種士林哲學的傳統觀點在現當代的一些亞里斯多德專家學者們那裡再度成為一個爭論的焦點，一些學者們在贊同多瑪斯的論點的基礎上重新詮釋第一推動者與神的同一命題（identification thesis），也有另外一些學者反對多瑪斯的這種同一命題。本文的旨趣並不僅僅在於勾勒出這種爭論的脈絡，而是對這兩種不同立場背後所依賴的論證及其原因進行分析，並結合形而上學第十二卷（Metaph. XII）中的某些重要段落的文本分析，能夠指出這兩種立場在有關亞里斯多德所說的第一推動者與神的關係問題上的貢獻與局限。

＂The Unmoved Mover＂ (τὸ κινοῦν άκίνητον) or the ＂First Mover＂ in the philosophy of Aristotle was thought as God in the Scholasticism in the Middle Age, especially in the philosophy of Thomas Aquinas. However, the modern scholars have developed different and even controversial views on this interpretation. Based on the interpretation of Thomas Aquinas, some scholars reinterpret the so-called identification thesis of the ＂First Mover＂ with God, while some others argue against this thesis. The goal of this paper does not lie only in figuring out the structure of the controversy, but it tries to analyze the arguments and the reasons, on which both establish their own views, and to provide my own understanding of the issue concerning the relation between the ＂First Mover＂ and God by pointing out their contributions and limits.

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