作為義利踐形的墨者身體

The Body Satisfying the Design of Mohists' Bodily Organization as Practicing ＂i＂ (義) and ＂li＂ (利)

蕭宏恩(Hung-En HSIAO)

墨者 ； 踐形 ； 身體 ； 兼愛 ； 義 ； 利 ； Mohists ； To Satisfy the Design of One's Bodily Organization ； Body ； Love-Without-Distinction ； i (義) ； li (利)

哲學與文化

45卷7期（2018 / 07 / 01）

5 - 19

繁體中文

「踐形」意謂通過「身體」之作為而展現於時空場域的具體實現。為墨家來說，就在其「兼愛」之理念的驅使下，墨者借助顯象於時空場域之「身體」，現實地投注於他人，造就眾人之福祉，成就兼愛之外在事功，即為「義」（公利）。因此，「身體」即是兼愛落實義利踐形之所。在《墨子》一書中，出現「身體」一詞的地方僅五處，「身」一字單獨出現或與其他字連成一詞則有百處之多，但其中有指為「生命」、泛指為「人」者等等。即使在其他有關墨者的記載中，雖未明確指出「身體」，仍是由其中顯然可見墨者對身體的觀感。因此，可由墨者兼愛落實之「義」以「利」於天下的身體力行，探得墨家的身體觀。

＂To satisfy the design of one's bodily organization＂ means to realize concretely presenting in the field of time and space through the acts of ＂body＂. It is exactly for Mohists with the body located in the field of time and space, driven by the idea of Love-Without-Distinction and betting others to create the well-being of all to accomplish the practical works of Love-Without-Distinction, namely, i (義) and li (利), public interests. Therefore, for Mohists, the body is where Love-Without- Distinction implements satisfying the design of their bodily organization of i (義) and li (利). In the book of Mozi, the phrase of body (身體) appears only five times, but the word body (身) along or compositing a phrase with another word hundred times more that means life or refers to people among them. It is even if in other records related Mohists unspecified the body, still obviously visible Mohists' perception of the body among these records. Consequently, we can explore the body concept of Mohist by implementing Love-Without-Distinction with practicing i (義) of Mohists to accomplish li (利), public interests, in the world.

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