公共關切與政治審議－奧克肖特公民聯合思想的審議民主面向

Public Concern and Political Deliberation: A Deliberative Democratic Image of Oakeshott's Civil Association Theory

李昊晟(Haosheng LI)

奧克肖特 ； 公民聯合 ； 審議民主 ； 公共關切 ； 政治審議 ； Oakeshott ； Civil Association ； Deliberative Democracy ； Public Concern ； Political Deliberation

哲學與文化

46卷1期（2019 / 01 / 01）

151 - 167

繁體中文

作為審議民主理論的兩個必要條件，政治平等與民主審議都可在奧克肖特公民聯合思想得以體現。在公民聯合體中，公共關切是把公民聯繫起來的道德紐帶，由非工具性規則構成，公民在言行中因共同遵守這些規則而擁有自由平等的道德地位；公民須承認合法政府制定的法規之權威，但這並不妨礙他們對法規的可欲性進行政治審議。公民聯合的政治審議是實踐判斷的運用，主要採取說服性論證，它緊扣著特定歷史脈絡並與對話政治相兼容。所以，奧克肖特公民聯合思想能夠呈現一種富有彈性與道德厚重感的審議民主面向。

Political equality and Demoractic deliberation, which are two necessary commitments of deliberative democracy theory, can be satisfied by Oakeshott's civil association theory. In a Civil association, Members (cives) are related each other by public concern composed of non-instrumental rules (lex), subscription to which embodies being free and equal; Cives are required to recognize the authority of lex enacted by legal government, but are permitted to criticize the desirability of them. Political deliberation in the Civil association is an application of practical judgment, which makes use of persuasive argumentation mainly, concerns a concrete historical context and could be compatible with Politics of Conversation. I conclude that a deliberative democratic image of civil association is flexible and includes a strong moral sense.

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