儒釋耶的交談：以韓愈〈論佛骨表〉和夏大常〈泡製闢妄闢〉為例

Confucian-Buddhist-Christian Dialogue: Taking Han Yu's ＂Lun Fogu Biao＂ and Matthias Xia's ＂Paozhi Pi Wang Pi＂ as Examples

蘇嫈雰(Ying-Fen SU)

當代中國哲學 ； 韓愈 ； 夏大常 ； 〈論佛骨表〉 ； 〈泡製闢妄闢〉 ； Contemporary Chinese Philosophy ； Han Yu (韓愈) ； Matthias Xia (夏大常) ； ＂Lun Fogu Biao＂ (〈論佛骨表〉) ； ＂Paozhi Pi Wang Pi＂(〈泡製闢妄闢〉)

哲學與文化

47卷4期（2020 / 04 / 01）

73 - 88

繁體中文

本文以韓愈〈論佛骨表〉和夏大常〈泡製闢妄闢〉為文本為依據，探討原儒與儒耶對釋採取的不同觀點，由儒釋耶交談對話的不同視角，窺見一神信仰如何在中華文化多元他者中生發性和結構性本地化的歷程。論述的重點包含如下：一、前言：為何從儒釋耶談中華文化意義下的本地化；二、儒釋的交談──韓愈，〈論佛骨表〉：從對象唐憲宗（釋）而言肯定交談有其價值，以論述分析揣測上意和以論逆志的立場；三、儒耶與釋的對話──夏大常，〈泡製闢妄闢〉：從內而言儒耶（引儒入耶）是小生態圈的整合以及就外而論儒耶與釋的對話作為消解「空」肯定「有」的可能進路；四、原儒與儒耶批釋的觀點促使大生態圈融合迂迴以生成：包含原儒主張「性」是人道的本質以及儒耶肯定靈性是天賦之體；五、結語：從多元他者（儒釋耶）的交談對話探討一神信仰（耶）如何無違和感地在中華文化進行本地化工作。

Based on the text of Han Yu's (韓愈) ＂Lun Fogu Biao＂ (〈論佛骨表〉, ＂Treatise on the Bone of Buddha＂) and Matthias Xia's (夏大常) ＂Paozhi Pi Wang Pi＂ (〈泡製闢妄闢〉, a treatise to refute monk Pu jen's writing in defense of Buddhism titled Pi-wang Pi-lueh Shuo《闢妄闢略說》), this paper aims to explore different perspectives of original Confucianism (Yuan Ru, 原儒) and Confucianism-Christianity (Ru Yeh, 儒耶) on Buddhism. From different viewpoints of Confucian-Buddhist-Christian dialogue, this paper examines the progress how genetic and structural inculturation of monotheism (Christianity) develops among multiple others in Chinese culture. Following are the discourse points of this paper, 1) the preface: the reason why this paper discusses the inculturation under the meaning of Chinese culture from Confucian-Buddhist-Christian dialogue. 2) The dialogue between Confucian and Buddhist: Han Yu's ＂Lun Fogu Biao.＂ By analyzing the content of＂Lun Fogu Biao,＂ for Tang Emperor Xianzong (唐憲宗), who represented Buddhist, the dialogue between Confucian and Buddhist was valuable. Moreover, this paper discusses and analyzes Han Yu's position of trying to figure out Tang Emperor Xianzong's mind and meeting his own intention with the idea of his text. 3) The dialogue between Confucianism-Christianity and Buddhism. By analyzing the text of Matthias Xia's ＂Paozhi Pi Wang Pi＂, Confucianism-Christianity, which means applying Confucianism into Christianity, on the inner side can be regarded as a joining together of small ecosphere of Confucianism and Christianity, and on the external side the dialogue between Confucianism-Christianity and Buddhism can be a possible approach to eliminate the myth of ＂empty,＂ which means the spirituality is an illusion, and prove the idea of the ＂being,＂ the existence of God. 4) Integrating and developing a large ecosphere of Confucianism, Christianity, and Buddhism: by the perspectives of original Confucianism and Confucianism-Christianity on Buddhism, it integrates the circuitousness among Confucianism, Christianity, and Buddhism, and develops a large ecosphere of the three. These perspectives include: original Confucianism claims that the ＂nature＂ is the essence of humanity, and Confucianism-Christianity affirms that the spirituality is given by heaven. 5) The conclusion: from the dialogue between multiple others (Confucianism, Buddhism, and Christianity), the paper explores how monotheism (Christianity) works on inculturation in Chinese culture without incongruity.

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