题名

從「兒童是天生的哲學家」到「童年哲學」

并列篇名

From "Children as Natural Born Philosophers" to "The Philosophy of Childhood"

作者

潘小慧(Hsiao Huei PAN)

关键词

兒童哲學 ; 童年哲學 ; 成人哲學 ; 馬修斯 ; 哲學家 ; Philosophy for Children ; Philosophy of Childhood ; Philosophy of Adulthood ; Gareth B. Matthews ; Philosopher

期刊名称

哲學與文化

卷期/出版年月

48卷2期(2021 / 02 / 01)

页次

5 - 22

内容语文

繁體中文

中文摘要

受到李普曼的啟發,馬修斯於1994年出版《童年哲學》一書,首度正式提出「童年哲學」(The Philosophy of Childhood)一詞,將「童年」和「哲學」兩件事連結在一起。「童年哲學」的提出,似乎是對於「成人哲學」的一種對比式觀照。以前沒有或不知道有所謂的「童年哲學」時,「哲學」似乎就等同於「成人哲學」,或是「成人哲學」的代名詞。如果「童年哲學」可以成立,「童年哲學」具合法性,首先必須預設兒童可以是一個哲學家,即使是廣義的哲學家;其次,童年哲學和成人哲學的關係為何?童年哲學對於成人哲學的意義是什麼?童年哲學是否作為「前」成人哲學而補充了成人哲學?本文擬從「兒童哲學的三層意涵」、「兒童是天生的哲學家」、「到底什麼是哲學家?」的鋪陳,進而討論「童年哲學」的意涵,以及可開展出的意義與價值。

英文摘要

In spired by Matthew Lipman, Gareth B. Matthews published The Philosophy of Childhood in 1994 and brought forth "the philosophy of childhood" for the first time, connecting "childhood" with "philosophy." "The philosophy of childhood" seems to be proposed in contrast with "the philosophy of adulthood." Before "the philosophy of childhood" is proposed or known, "philosophy" seemed to be synonymous with "the philosophy of adulthood." If "the philosophy of childhood" is legitimate, first, one has to presume that children can be philosophers, even in a broader sense of the word; second, one must explain the relationship between "the philosophy of childhood"and "the philosophy of adulthood," what "the philosophy of childhood" means to "the philosophy of adulthood," and whether "the philosophy of childhood" is the premise of and supplement to "the philosophy of adulthood." In this article, we discuss the meaning, significance and value of "the philosophy of childhood" in view of "the three aspects of the philosophy for children," "children as natural born philosophers" and "what a philosopher really is."

主题分类 人文學 > 人文學綜合
参考文献
  1. Philosophy for Children.The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
  2. 素易發佈,影片〈巴西男童懇求別吃動物媽媽哭了〉,https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N0gFbFcMKII(檢索於 2020 年 12 月 5 日)。
  3. The Philosophy of Childhood.The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
  4. Aristotle. Ethica Nicomachea. See: http://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle/nicomachaen.html (Retrieved 2020.11.30).
  5. Aristotle,McKeon, Richard(Ed.)(1975).The Basic Works of Aristotle.Chicago:University of Chicago.
  6. Jung, C. G.(1954).Psychology and Education.Princeton:Princeton University Press.
  7. Murchison, Carl (Ed.). A Handbook of Child Psychology. 2nd Rev. ed. Worcester, MA: Clark University Press, 1933
  8. 王陽明,吳光(編校)(2010).《王陽明全集》新編本.杭州:浙江古籍出版社.
  9. 王懋竑(1998).朱熹年譜.北京:中華書局.
  10. 柏拉圖、卓維德(譯), Benjamin,侯健(譯)(1980).柏拉圖理想國.臺北:聯經圖書出版公司.
  11. 苗力田(編)(1993).亞里斯多德全集.北京:中國人民大學出版社.
  12. 馬修斯,G. B.,王靈康(譯)(1998).童年哲學.臺北:財團法人毛毛蟲兒童哲學基金會.
  13. 馬修斯,G. B.,楊茂秀(譯)(1998).哲學與小孩.臺北:財團法人毛毛蟲兒童哲學基金會.
  14. 莎琳娜.哈絲汀(1995).聖經的故事.臺北:貓頭鷹出版社.
  15. 雅斯培,周行之(譯)(1969).智慧之路.臺北:志文出版社.
  16. 雲雷國學,〈哲學家那與你我不一樣的童年〉,《資訊》,https://kknews.cc/zh-tw/news/o5kp6mm.html(檢索於 2020 年 12 月 5 日)。
  17. 劉義慶,沈海波(譯注)(2016).世說新語.北京:中華書局.
  18. 潘小慧(2020).兒童哲學的理論與實踐.桂林:廣西師範大學出版社.
  19. 潘小慧(2008).兒童哲學的理論與實務.臺北:輔仁大學出版社.
  20. 潘小慧(2020)。兒童到底可不可能是真正的哲學家?——從周大觀及其詩集《我還有一隻腳》談起。新兒童研究,桂林: