题名

從「首出庶物,萬國咸寧」到「內聖外王」-《周易》論明君之德與儒家政治理想

并列篇名

From "Out of the Ordinary Things, Comes Peace under the Heaven" to "Sageliness within and Kingliness without"-Virtue of a Virtuous Monarch and Confucian Political Ideal in the Book of Changes

作者

蕭永貴(Yonggui XIAO);姜廣輝(Guanghui JIANG)

关键词

乾卦 ; 賢君明主 ; 元亨利貞 ; 內聖外王 ; Hexagram Qian ; Sagacious Monarch ; Yuan Heng Li Zhen ; Sageliness within and Kingliness without

期刊名称

哲學與文化

卷期/出版年月

49卷7期(2022 / 07 / 01)

页次

121 - 134

内容语文

繁體中文

中文摘要

乾卦〈彖傳〉以「首出庶物,萬國咸寧」結尾,先儒釋義紛紜,見仁見智。經爬梳比較,「首出庶物,萬國咸寧」,指古代君王修「元、亨、利、貞」之德,成為「首出庶物」的賢君明主。「元」為諸善中最好的德性,「亨」為可集天下美譽於一身的德性,「利」為可以為國謀取重大義利的德性,「貞」即信守承諾,為天下萬民謀福利的德性。賢君明主有此四德,進而施仁政、行仁教,化育天下萬民,以達天下太平。此思想亦可以「內聖外王」概括之。「內聖外王」四字雖最早見於道家《莊子.天下篇》,但〈天下篇〉屬雜篇,多以道家術語傳達儒家思想。

英文摘要

Tuanci, annotation of Hexagram Qian, the first and foremost of Eight Trigram, ends with "Out of the ordinary things, comes peace under the heaven", on which ancient Confucian scholars have given a variety of interpretations. Based on a comprehensive review, comparison and analysis, it can be inferred that the entry "out of the ordinary things, comes peace under the heaven" instructs the King to practice the noblest virtue of "Yuan" in "Yuan Heng Li Zhen". To be more specific, only when the King bears the welfare of the majority of people in mind and enjoys a worldwide reputation can he become the core of leadership as well as the sagacious monarch "out of the ordinary things". Likewise, only when the King pursues benevolence in governing and cultivating his people can he bring forward "peace under the heaven". Thus, the philosophy of "Out of the ordinary things, comes peace under the heaven" accords with the political ideal of "Sageliness within and Kingliness without" of Confucianism. This idea can also be summarized as "Sageliness within and kingliness without". Although the words "Sageliness within and kingliness without" was first seen in Taoism Tianxia of Zhuangzi, which is a miscellaneous chapter mostly conveys Confucianism in Taoist terms.

主题分类 人文學 > 人文學綜合
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