The Inner Man in Platonism and Christianity

柏拉圖主義與基督宗教中的「內在的人」

Christoph HORN(克里斯多夫．霍恩)

Inner Man ； Subjectivity ； Plato ； St. Paul ； Neoplatonism ； Augustine ； 內在的人 ； 主體性 ； 柏拉圖 ； 聖保祿 ； 新柏拉圖主義 ； 奧古斯丁

哲學與文化

50卷5期（2023 / 05 / 01）

3 - 22

英文;繁體中文

The topic of an "inner man" or "interior man" can be found in Plato, in Philo of Alexandria, in St Paul, and in Plotinus, before it, ultimately, became one of the most important formulas in Augustine (cf. the "inner word" - verbum interius). The very idea of interiority, as we know it from Christian thought throughout the ages, is hence derived from Platonism. In this article, I investigate how the topic is presented especially by Plato and Augustine. I first discuss Plato who in Republic IX.589a-b develops his idea of an inner man. Plato's text contains an interesting theory in which subjective mental capacities are split between the inner and the outer personality. Then I shortly discuss Plotinus, Ennead V.1 [10] 10,6-10 and Porphyry, fr. 275. Finally, I will scrutinize the way in which Augustine read this tradition and how he created his idea of an "inner realm" within us which connects epistemological, moral and theological ideas.

「內在的人」的這個主題最終成為在奧古斯丁中最重要的準則（即「內在的聖言」－verbum interius）之一之前，我們可以在柏拉圖、在亞歷山大城的斐羅、在聖保祿以及在普羅丁裡發現到。因此，誠如我們從歷代基督教的思想裡了解到，內在性的真正觀念源自於柏拉圖主義。在這篇論文裡，我探討柏拉圖與奧古斯丁如何專門呈現這個主題。首先，我討論柏拉圖，在《理想國》第九卷589a-b裡他的裡面的人的觀念。柏拉圖的文本包含有一個有趣的理論，在這個理論中，主體的心智的能力在裡面的與外面的人格之間被撕裂。接著我簡短地討論普羅丁的《九章集》V.1. [10] 10, 6-10以及波菲利的殘篇275。最後，我將仔細檢查奧古斯丁解讀這一傳統的方式，以及他如何在我們的內部創造一個連結知識的、道德的與神學的觀念的「內在領域」。

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