劉宗周引《易》詮釋《論語學案》的方法論意識考察

On the Methodological Consciousness of Liu Zong-zhou's Interpretation of The Analects from the Perspective of Yi Jing (The Book of Change)

王涵青(Han-Ching WANG)

劉宗周 ； 《論語》 ； 《易》 ； 方法論意識 ； 一貫之道 ； Liu Zong-zhou ； The Analects ； Yi Jing ； Methodological Consciousness ； The Consistent Way

哲學與文化

50卷12期（2023 / 12 / 01）

99 - 111

繁體中文;英文

劉宗周的《論語學案》是理解其早期至中期思想重要文獻，其中以《易》之論述與《論語》文本交融的詮釋方式，是《論語學案》中顯著特色。在此脈絡中，劉宗周一方面顯現出對孔子學易可以無大過主張的關懷，逐漸發展為思想後期儒家過惡系統的代表性論述；另一方面可看出《易》作為本體論建構的作用，《論語》立論的形上基礎可透過《易》為其基底，如此，易道而為天道落實於《論語》中，便成為一貫之道的基礎，而一貫之道，則成為劉宗周《論語學案》最核心的方法論意識，展現出其「此心本一貫萬分」、「還他天地自然本色」、「天地間只此陰陽之理，即是吾心之撰」的主張。且此方法意識更「一貫」地成為劉宗周就著《論語》論工夫操作與現實關懷、治道與聖人境界的方法論基礎。

The Scholarly Records of the Analects is central to our understanding of Liu Zong-zhou's thoughts from the early to middle parts of his career, which is characterized by the mixture of Yi Jing and The Analects. With this approach, Liu Zong-zhou showed his concern about Confucius's declaration that one would not make big mistakes if he learns Yi Jing after fifty; and such concern was gradually developed into the last part of his philosophical career, the representative statements on the Confucian theory of evils. On the other hand, we could see clearly the role of Yi Jing as the ontological theory whereupon to construct Liu's metaphysics while the metaphysical foundation of The Analects underlies Liu's thoughts by means of Yi Jing. Therefore, the way of yi (change) is realized in The Analects as the way of heaven and forms base of the consistent way, while the central methodological consciousness of The Scholarly Records of the Analects is exactly the consistent way, displaying his claims of "maintaining and developing the value meaning of the mind and fulfilling it in all things and creatures," "restoring the value meaning of all creatures" and the "creative transformation between heaven and earth as the projection of one's mind." Furthermore, the methodological consciousness of the "consistent way" consistently becomes the methodological foundation of Liu Zong-zhou's discourses on cultivation, realistic concerns, the way to govern and the sagely state with regards to The Analects.

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