题名 |
太平洋戰爭前期蔣介石的戰後構想(1941-1943) |
并列篇名 |
Chiang Kai-shek's Postwar Vision as formed During the Early Period of the Pacific War (1941-1943) |
DOI |
10.7058/TAHJ.201206.0121 |
作者 |
段瑞聰(Ruicong Duan) |
关键词 |
蔣介石 ; 憲政 ; 戰後構想 ; 亞洲情結 ; 獨立自主外交 ; Chiang Kai-shek ; Constitutionalism ; The vision on China and the world after the Second World War ; Asian consciousness ; Independent diplomacy |
期刊名称 |
國史館館刊 |
卷期/出版年月 |
32期(2012 / 06 / 01) |
页次 |
121 - 152 |
内容语文 |
繁體中文 |
中文摘要 |
本文從內政和外交兩方面,分析了1941年太平洋戰爭爆發前夕至1943年開羅會議結束這一段時期蔣介石的戰後構想。綜觀這一時期蔣介石的戰後構想,筆者認為主要有以下3點特徵:第一,守勢國防與「自強」之夢。蔣介石在日記裡經常流露出對英、美、蘇的不滿,發誓要自強。蔣介石積極主張收復失土與恢復主權,挾持亞洲弱小國家獨立,但是卻三番五次表示不以亞洲領導自居。這令人想起20世紀80年代末鄧小平所提倡的「韜光養晦」外交戰略。由此可以看出20世紀中國外交戰略的連續性。第二,蔣介石有著濃厚的亞洲情結。蔣積極支持亞洲弱小國家獨立,甚至對於戰時加入軸心陣營的泰國,也希望幫助其戰後獨立。對於給中國帶來巨大損失的日本、也主張寬大處理。由此可以看出蔣作為中國領導人的博大情懷。第三,蔣介石在摸索一種獨立自主的全方位外交戰略。蔣介石拒絕與英國單獨結盟,一方面因為蔣對英國不信任,另一方面,他擔心會引起蘇聯嫉妒也怕影響戰後與德國和日本發展關係。這些無疑都是蔣介石獨立自主外交的具體表現。從這個意義上來說,蔣介石的戰後構想具有前瞻性。 |
英文摘要 |
This article deals with President Chiang Kai-shek's postwar overall framework, both at home and abroad levels, as formed during the period between the eve of the outbreak of the Pacific War in 1941 and the end of the conference in Cairo in 1943. There are three features to be observed in this framework. First, Chiang held a national se lf-effacement policy in defense and a dream of domestic ”self reliance. ”In his diaries, he often swore to do so, especially the ”self reliance”, and released his resentments and frustrations toward the British, the US, and the Soviets. Chiang advocated enthusiastically the territorial recovery and sovereignty independence for weak or small nations in Asia, and denied repeatedly the allegation of China's ambition in the area. This reminds one of the ”low profile” foreign policy of Deng Xiaoping in the late 1980s, suggesting that there might be a sort of continuity in China's diplomatic strategy. Secondly, Chiang had strong Asian consciousness. He was generous to the postwar treatment of Thailand, and even Japan, China's former enemy in the Second World War. Thirdly, Chiang had in mind a grand diplomacy of national independence. He refused to ally with the British, partly for his distrust of them, and partly for his worries about it might have on the relations with the Soviets, Germany, and Japan. In that sense, Chiang's postwar vision was promising. |
主题分类 |
人文學 >
歷史學 |
参考文献 |
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被引用次数 |
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