英文摘要
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Since its announcement in June 1930, the R.O.C.'s Antiquities Conservation Law have had some major impact on the development of cultural heritage both in Mainland China and Taiwan It was enforced in China for 20 years, and then being continued in Taiwan for yet 38 more years when the Nationalist Government moved to Taiwan. The law was first made in China but was fin ally superseded in Taiwan. It also connected the development of cultural heritage in China to that in Taiwan. As the law was put into action in Taiwan much longer, it also brought some adverse influence on cultural heritage policy which eventually led to the birth of Cultural Heritage Conservation Act there. The historical paradox is worthy of further exploration, like the present one.However, a review of the academic researches and papers on the topic and the related issues, one can find many argumentations, but most of which show lack of understanding or even misunderstanding, and often offering just some plausible or smattering recognition of the significance involved. When it comes to ex plain the reasons for the law-making and historical experience to do so in China, some mistakes on understanding and interpretation can very readily be found.This paper is based on a careful study of various and numerous archives collected by Academia Historica, which include those from the Nationalist Government Archives, the Executive Yuan Archives, the Ministry of Interior Archives, the Ministry of Education Archives and the Comprehensive Collection of Archival Papers on History of the Republic of China, with a view to exploring the historical background why the Nationalist Government had to undertake the making of the Antiquities Conservation Law. The study also indicates that archeological findings and antiquities were the core reason for this legalization. The Central Commission for the Preservation of Antiquities was the very engine to push forward the legal process, while Chinese modem archeology playing the supporting role and back-up force. Eventually, due to the change of competent authority, conflicts within the legal systems and the budget decrease for cultural heritage, the implementation performance of the law was in regrettable state Nonetheless, it is the purpose of the paper to reveal the evolving history in the early picture of cultural heritage as promoted by the Nationalist Government.
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