景觀設計中眺望藏匿理論模式之應用

The Application of Prospect-Refuge Theory in Landscape Design

10.6377/JA.201206.0006

歐聖榮(Sheng-Jung Ou)；柯嘉鈞(Chia-Chun Ko)；許哲瑜(Che-Yu Hsu)

景觀偏好 ； 開闊感 ； 安全感 ； 動態模擬 ； Landscape Preference ； Openness ； Safety ； Dynamic Simulation

建築學報

80期（2012 / 06 / 01）

111 - 129

繁體中文

以「能夠看而不被看見」這樣的概念為基礎，Appleton於1975年時提出了眺望－藏匿理論（眺匿理論）。對於眺匿理論，雖然有相關的應用性研究，但更深入應用於景觀設計上的研究則較為缺乏，本研究期望能將該理論具體應用，界定出眺望與藏匿之間的可能比值，讓景觀設計者能有所參酌。為了達成上述研究目標，本研究採用量化研究的方式，利用電腦模擬技術模擬不同眺望與藏匿程度的景觀場景，透過問卷調查的方式，找出受測者所偏好的眺望－藏匿的比例關係。研究結果顯示，不同的環境下，觀賞者偏好的眺望與藏匿的分佈比例各不相同；無論幾何式庭園或自然山林環境，視覺延伸性顯著與偏好相關；安全感與偏好顯著相關，並非單純的僅為藏匿環境的知覺感受。本研究成果可提供給景觀設計者應用，實際有效地創造出人們所偏好的環境。

Based upon the concept of ”seeing without being seen”, Appleton proposed the prospect-refuge theory (P-R theory) in 1975. Although there are some applied researches related to the P-R theory, there still needs further examination about the rationality of P-R theory in landscape design. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to propose the possible ratios between prospect and refuge for landscape designers.To achieve the study purpose, the study adopted a quantitative method. The study used the technique of computer simulation to generate landscape scenes that have different degrees of prospect and refuge. Followed by questionnaire survey, the study tried to find out the preference of each setting with different P-R ration. The results showed that three settings of the study have different P-R ration that observers prefer. No matter in which setting (geometrical garden or natural environment), the visual extension and sense of safety are significantly related to preference. The sense of safety does not only represent the perception of refuge. Based upon the results, a practical guidance in creating a preferred environment can be provided for landscape designers.

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