活動時間分配對主觀幸福感影響之結構化分析－以台南市之就業者為例

The Structuralized Analysis of Activity Time Allocation Impacts on Subjective Well-Being

夏皓清(Hoa-Ching Hsia)；葉光毅(Kuang-Yih Yeh)；李泳龍(Yung-Lung Lee)

活動時間分配 ； 活動時間分配滿意度 ； 生活目的達成滿意度 ； 主觀幸福感 ； Activity Time Allocation ； Satisfaction with Activity Time Allocation ； Satisfaction with Progress toward Life Goal ； Subjective Well-Being

建築學報

84期（2013 / 06 / 30）

123 - 140

繁體中文

在現代社會裡，個體（個人）的每日生活係受到許多「活動」所支配，這些活動是構成個體日常生活的重要部份。個體為了能在有限的時間裡儘量完成各項活動，便須對時間做出最有效率的安排，此同時亦會影響到個體之主觀幸福感。本研究利用結構方程模式來將「活動時間分配」對「主觀幸福感」的影響，進行結構化分析。研究結果發現：①「活動時間分配」確實會對「主觀幸福感」產生影響。②「假日時間分配實際狀態」對「主觀幸福感」的影響遠大於「平日時間分配實際狀態」對「主觀幸福感」的影響。③從事「個人休閒」活動對「主觀幸褔感」的影響，大於從事「與家人互動」活動對「主觀幸福感」的影響。實證結果顯示了：未來應更加重視「假日交通計畫」。

In modern society, the individual's everyday life is dominated by various activities, which constitute the major part of individual's daily life. In order to execute the activities during the limited time span, it is necessary to allocate time efficiently. The result of time allocation also influences individual's subjective well-being. The Structural Equation Modeling is adopted to conduct the structuralized analysis of the effect of time allocation on subjective well-being. The research results show: (1) the effect of activity time allocation on subjective well-being is significant. (2) the effect of weekends time allocation on subjective well-being is superior to the effect of weekday. (3) the effect of personal leisure activity on subjective well-being is larger than the effect of family interaction activity. The research results indicated that the weekend transportation plan should be paid more attentions.

1. World Values Survey (2005). World Values Survey 2005-2006 Wave. Retrieved Sep. 14, 2011 from http://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/wvs/articles/folder_published/survey2005/files/WVSQuest_RootVers.pdf
2. Allardt, E.(1976).Dimensions of welfare in a comparative Scandinavian study.Acta Sociologica,19(3),227-239.
3. Bergstad, C. J.,Gamble, A.,Hagman, O.,Polk, M.,Gärling, T.,Ettema, D.,Friman, M.,Olsson, L. E.(2011).Influences of affect associated with routine out-of-home activities on subjective well-being.Applied Research in Quality of Life,7(1),49-62.
4. Bowman, J.(2009).Historical development of activity based model theory and practice.Traffic Engineering and Control,50(2),59-62.
5. Deci, E. L.,Ryan, R. M.(2008).Hedonia, eudaimonia, and well-being: An introduction.Journal of Happiness Studies,9(1),1-11.
6. Diener, E.,Robert, A.,Emmons, R.,Larsen, J.,Griffin, S.(1985).The satisfaction with life scale.Journal of Personality Assessment,49(1),71-75.
7. Eid, M.(Ed.),Larsen, R. J.(Ed.)(2008).The Science of Subjective Well-being.NY, USA:Guilford Press.
8. Ettema, D.,Gärling, T.,Olsson, L. E.,Friman, M.(2010).Out-of-home activities, daily travel, and subjective well-being.Transportation Research Part A,44,723-732.
9. Fujii, S.,Kitamura, R.(2000).Evaluation of trip-inducing effects of new freeways using a structural equations model system of commuters' time use and travel.Transportation Research Part B,34(5),339-354.
10. Gagliardi, C.,Spazzafumo, L.,Marcellini, F.,Mollenkopf, H.,Ruoppila, I.,Tacken, M.,Szemann, Z.(2007).The outdoor mobility and leisure activities of older people in five European countries.Aging and Society,27(5),683-700.
11. Hägerstrand, T.(1970).What about people in regional science?.Papers of the Regional Science Association,24,7-21.
12. Kahn, R. L.,Juster, F. T.(2002).Well-being: Concepts and measures.Journal of Social Issues,58(4),627-644.
13. Kahneman, D.(Ed.),Diener, E.(Ed.),Schwarz, N.(Ed.)(1999).Wellbeing: The Foundations of Hedonic Psychology.NY, USA:Russel Sage Foundation.
14. Kitamura, R.,Fujii, S.,Pas, E.(1997).Time-use data, analysis and modeling: Toward the next generation of transportation planning methodologies.Transport Policy,4(4),225-235.
15. Krueger, A. B.,Schkade, D. A.(2008).The reliability of subjective well-being measures.Journal of Public Economics,92(8-9),1833-1845.
16. Oishi, S.,Diener, E.,Lucas, R. E.,Suh, E. M.(1999).Cross-cultural variations in predictors of life satisfaction: Perspectives from needs and values.Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin,25(8),980-990.
17. Pinquart, M.,Silbereisen, R. K.(2010).Pattern of fulfillment in the domains of work, intimate relationship, and leisure.Applied Research in Quality of Life,5(2),147-164.
18. Pychyl, T. A.,Little, B. R.(1998).Dimensional specificity in the prediction of subjective well-being: personal project in pursuit of the Ph.D..Social Indicators Research,45,423-473.
19. Schimmack, U.,Oishi, S.(2005).The influence of chronically and temporarily accessible information on life satisfaction judgments.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,89(3),395-406.
20. Spinney, J. E. L.,Scott, D. M.,Newbold, K. B.(2009).Transport mobility benefits and quality of life: A time-use perspective of elderly Canadians.Transport Policy,16(1),1-11.
21. Van Praag, B. M. S.,Frijters, P.,Ferrer-i-Carbonell, A.(2003).The anatomy of subjective well-being.Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization,51,29-49.
22. Waterman, A. S.,Schwartz, S. J.,Conti, R.(2008).The implications of two conceptions of happiness (hedonic enjoyment and eudaimonia) for the understanding of intrinsic motivation.Journal of Happiness Studies,9,41-79.
23. 邱皓政(2003)。結構方程模式：LISREL的理論、技術與應用。台北市=Taipei:雙葉書廊=Yeh Yeh Book Gallery。
24. 陸洛(1988)。中國人幸福感之內涵、測量及相關因素探討。國家科學委員會研究彙刊：人文及社會科學，8(1)，115-137。
25. 奧村誠、塚井誠人(1999)。平休日の生活時間評価構造に関する研究。土木計画研究學．論文集，16，181-186。
26. 榮泰生(2009)。AMOS 與研究方法。台北市=Taipei:五南圖書出版公司=Wunan。