台灣區域容受力及生態足跡之研究

The Study on Regional Carrying Capacity and Ecological Footprint of Taiwan

10.3966/101632122017120102003

李永展(Yung-Jaan Lee)；董娟鳴(Chuan-Ming Tung)；林士堅(Shih-Chien Lin)

氣候變遷 ； 容受力 ； 生態足跡 ； 碳足跡 ； Climate Change ； Carrying Capacity ； Ecological Footprint ； Carbon Footprint

建築學報

102期（2017 / 12 / 31）

37 - 52

繁體中文

台灣位處西太平洋颱風侵襲密集地區，島內七成以上土地屬於山坡地與高山林地，大部分人口則以高密度型態聚集於25%左右的平原地區，自然環境資源貧乏，且環境與地質條件敏感脆弱，配以四面環海的島嶼特性，造成台灣國土利用與山、河、海爭地，以及面對氣候變遷衝擊的高脆弱與敏感性。因此，考量有限土地資源下，台灣如何積極面對未來國土保育與經濟發展的平衡發展，有效運用區域間資源，緩解資源不足並達區域公平發展，則進行區域環境容受力的盤點，是極為重要的關鍵議題。由於過去容受力相關研究欠缺從檢視整體環境體系土地可供給及消耗量之資源量，以檢討消費差異性及發展課題。故本研究以台灣整體發展為考量，藉由檢視「土地資源」、「糧食資源」及「碳排放」角度切入容受力研析（資源供給面），以各項資源可涵養人口規模分析，來檢視區域間發展現況及未來需求，分析區域間各項資源的承載能力，並對照生態足跡（資源需求面）之評估，以作為區域調適課題之檢視。期以注入創新思維與方法，緩解資源不足及氣候變遷之壓力，尋求台灣邁向永續發展之新契機。

Taiwan is located in the Western Pacific where typhoons frequently strike. Over 73% of the land is hillsides and alpine forests, and most of the population cluster densely in the 25% plain land. The environment and geological conditions are sensitive and vulnerable. In recent years, due to the rapid socio-economic growth, pressure has increased on land development. Together with island characteristics of being surrounded by the sea, it has caused frequent conflicts for mountain, river, and sea areas when it comes to Taiwan's land use. In recent years, due to the increasing climate change impacts, how to maintain a stable equilibrium in the ecosystem and ensure people's survival and the nation's sustainable development, have become important key issues that must be actively faced, in response to climate change impacts and taking into consideration land and resource limitations. Related studies on carrying capacities in the past focused on environmental carrying capacity, recreational carrying capacity, and urban carrying capacity, which mainly explored the population limit that a single environmental system can carry or the actual degree of development. There is no careful examination on how much the land can supply in the overall environment system and the amount of resources for the amount of consumption that explores the issues of consumption differences and development. This study takes Taiwan's overall development into consideration, and analyzes carrying capacity (resource supply side) from the perspective of ＂land resources＂, ＂food resources＂, and ＂carbon emissions＂. This study analyzes the population size that can be covered by each resource to show the current situation of development between regions and future demands, the carrying capacity of each resource between each region, and compares it with ecological footprint (resource demand side), to serve as views for regional adaptation topics of discussion. This study attempts to inject innovative thinking and methods to ease resource shortage and climate change pressures, in order to seek new opportunities for Taiwan's progress toward sustainable development.

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