2018年美國糖尿病學會針對糖尿病腎病變之標準治療建議

Diabetic Kidney Disease Care: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2018

10.6314/JIMT.201808_29(4).06

郝立智(Lyh-Jyh Hao)；張雅椅(Ya-Yi Chang)；楊純宜(Chwen-Yi Yang)；吳鈴鳳(Ling-Feng Wu)；徐仁愛(Jen-Ai Hsu)；林玉萍(Yu-Ping Lin)；譚宏斌(Hung-Pin Tan)；奚明德(Ming-Der Shi)；王志龍(Jue-Long Wang)；吳明瑞(Ming-Jui Wu)

糖尿病腎病變(Diabetic kidney disease, DKD) ； 急性腎損傷(Acute kidney injury, AKI) ； 美國糖尿病學會(American Diabetes Association, ADA) ； 動脈粥樣硬化性心血管疾病(Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, ASCVD)

內科學誌

29卷4期（2018 / 08 / 01）

250 - 261

繁體中文

本次標準治療建議增加了一張新表格（表一），該表格結合了慢性腎臟疾病分期和每個階段適當的腎臟相關照護的信息。新的表二列出了慢性腎臟疾病併發症的描述以及相關的醫學和實驗室評估。包括了一個關於急性腎損傷的新章節。討論了具體的降血糖藥物對腎臟疾病的延遲和進展的影響，並參考了最近以檢測腎功能之效應作為次要結果的CVOT試驗（Cardiovascular Outcome Trial）。

A new table (Table 1) was added in this standard medical care, that combines information on staging chronic kidney disease and the appropriate kidney-related care for each stage. A new Table 2 was included describing the complications of chronic kidney disease and related medical and laboratory evaluations. A new section on acute kidney injury was included. The effect of specific glucose-lowering medications on the delay and progression of kidney disease was discussed, with reference to recent CVOT trials that examined kidney effects as secondary outcomes.

1. (2018)。全民健康保險藥品給付規定修正（106年12月1日生效）第14節眼科製劑Ophthalmic preparations 14.9.2. 新生血管抑制劑（Anti-angiogenic agents）。三總藥訊，1，8-9。
2. Agardh, E,Tababat-Khani, P(2011).Adopting 3-year screening intervals for sight-threatening retinal vascular lesions in type 2 diabetic subjects without retinopathy.Diabetes Care,34,1318-1319.
3. Ahmed, J,Ward, TP,Bursell, S-E(2006).The sensitivity and specificity of nonmydriatic digital stereoscopic retinal imaging in detecting diabetic retinopathy.Diabetes Care,29,2205-2209.
4. American Diabetes Association(2018).10. Microvascular Complications and Foot Care: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2018.Diabetes Care,41,S105-S118.
5. American Diabetes Association(2009).Standards of medical care in diabetes(Position Statement).Diabetes Care,28,S13-S31.
6. Axer-Siegel, R,Hod, M,Fink-Cohen, S(1996).Diabetic retinopathy during pregnancy.Ophthalmology,103,1815-1819.
7. Best, RM,Chakravarthy, U.(1997).Diabetic retinopathy in pregnancy.Br J Ophthalmol,81,249-251.
8. Bragge, P,Gruen, RL,Chau, M(2011).Screening for presence or absence of diabetic retinopathy: a meta-analysis.Arch Ophthalmol,129,435-444.
9. Chew, EY,Ambrosius, WT,Davis, MD(2010).ACCORD Study Group; ACCORD Eye Study Group. Effects of medical therapies on retinopathy progression in type 2 diabetes.N Engl J Med,363,233-244.
10. Chew, EY,Davis, MD,Danis, RP(2014).The effects of medical management on the progression of diabetic retinopathy in persons with type 2 diabetes: the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes(ACCORD) Eye Study.Ophthalmology,121,2443-2451.
11. Dabelea, D,Stafford, JM,Mayer-Davis, EJ(2017).SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Research Group. Association of type 1 diabetes vs type 2 diabetes diagnosed during childhood and adolescence with complications during teenage years and young adulthood.JAMA,317,825-835.
12. Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group(2000).Effect of pregnancy on microvascular complications in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial.Diabetes Care,23,1084-1091.
13. Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group(1985).Photocoagulation for diabetic macular edema. Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study report number 1.Arch Ophthalmol,103,1796-1806.
14. Elman, MJ,Aiello, LP,Beck, RW(2010).Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network. Randomized trial evaluating ranibizumab plus prompt or deferred laser or triamcinolone plus prompt laser for diabetic macular edema.Ophthalmology,117,1064-1077.e35.
15. Elman, MJ,Bressler, NM,Qin, H(2011).Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network. Expanded 2-year follow-up of ranibizumab plus prompt or deferred laser or triamcinolone plus prompt laser for diabetic macular edema.Ophthalmology,118,609-614.
16. Estacio, RO,McFarling, E,Biggerstaff, S,Jeffers, BW,Johnson, D,Schrier, RW(1998).Overt albuminuria predicts diabetic retinopathy in Hispanics with NIDDM.Am J Kidney Dis,31,947-953.
17. Fong, DS,Aiello, LP,Ferris, FL(2004).Diabetic retinopathy.Diabetes Care,27,2540-2553.
18. Gross, JG,Glassman, AR,Jampol, LM(2015).Writing Committee for the Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network. Panretinal photocoagulation vs intravitreous ranibizumab for proliferative diabetic retinopathy: a randomized clinical trial.JAMA,314,2137-2146.
19. Gubitosi-Klug, RA,Sun, W,Cleary, PA(2016).Writing Team for the DCCT/EDIC Research Group. Effects of prior intensive insulin therapy and risk factors on patient-reported visual function outcomes in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications(DCCT/EDIC) cohort.JAMA Ophthalmol,134,137-145.
20. Gunderson, EP,Lewis, CE,Tsai, A-L(2007).A 20-year prospective study of childbearing and incidence of diabetes in young women, controlling for glycemia before conception: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults(CARDIA) Study.Diabetes,56,2990-2996.
21. Hooper, P,Boucher, MC,Cruess, A(2012).Canadian Ophthalmological Society evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for the management of diabetic retinopathy.Can J Ophthalmol,47,S1-S30.
22. Klein, R(1995).Hyperglycemia and microvascular and macrovascular disease in diabetes.Diabetes Care,18,258-268.
23. Leske, MC,Wu, S-Y,Hennis, A(2005).Barbados Eye Study Group. Hyperglycemia, blood pressure, and the 9-year incidence of diabetic retinopathy: the Barbados Eye Studies.Ophthalmology,112,799-805.
24. Mitchell, P,Bandello, F,Schmidt-Erfurth, U(2011).RESTORE Study Group. The RESTORE study: ranibizumab monotherapy or combined with laser versus laser monotherapy for diabetic macular edema.Ophthalmology,118,615-625.
25. Nathan, DM,Bebu, I,Hainsworth, D(2017).DCCT/EDIC Research Group. Frequency of evidence-based screening for retinopathy in type 1 diabetes.N Engl J Med,376,1507-1516.
26. Nathan, DM,Genuth, S,Lachin, J,Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group(1993).The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of longterm complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.N Engl J Med,329,977-986.
27. Nguyen, QD,Brown, DM,Marcus, DM(2012).RISE and RIDE Research Group. Ranibizumab for diabetic macular edema: results from 2 phase III randomized trials: RISE and RIDE.Ophthalmology,119,789-801.
28. Shih, C-J,Chen, H-T,Kuo, S-C(2016).Comparative effectiveness of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers in patients with type 2 diabetes and retinopathy.CMAJ,188,E148-E157.
29. Solomon, SD,Chew, E,Duh, EJ(2017).Diabetic retinopathy: a position statement by the American Diabetes Association.Diabetes Care,40,412-418.
30. The Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group(1976).Preliminary report on effects of photocoagulation therapy.Am J Ophthalmol,81,383-396.
31. Walton, OB,Garoon, RB,Weng, CY(2016).Evaluation of automated teleretinal screening program for diabetic retinopathy.JAMA Ophthalmol,134,204-209.