Age Group Differences in the Processing of a Simulated In-Vehicle Digital Map

高齡化對模擬車用電子地圖導航績效之影響

10.29977/JCIIE.200411.0005

林迪意(Dyi-Yih M. Lin)；劉燕儒(Yen-Ru Liu)

高齡認知 ； 人機介面 ； 空間認知 ； 電子地圖 ； Cognitive aging ； Human-computer interface ； Spatial cognition ； Digital map

工業工程學刊

21卷6期（2004 / 11 / 01）

559 - 566

英文

有鑑於社會高齡化以及車用導航設備的趨勢，本研究探討年齡差異在處理車用電子地圖時對導航績效所産生的影響。14位年齡在60至65歲的高齡者與14位20至26歲的年輕學生參與一個三因子混合型的實驗。除了年齡爲一個兩水凖的凖受試間因子外，另兩個獨立變相包括電子地圖的導向性（永遠朝北與隨車轉動兩水凖）以及地圖資訊的豐富性（程序指令、簡要與完整等三水凖）。導航績效則以路徑判斷率以及錯誤回復能力衡量之。結果顯示高齡受試者較難精凖確認正確的導航路線，而且一但發生導航錯誤時，也要模索較長的路程才能迴歸正確路徑。高齡受試者縱使接受隨車轉動地圖的實驗條件時，導航績效仍遜於年齡受試者，這似乎意味著高齡者對於需要心智旋轉的空間判讀尤其顯得脆弱。然而當地圖的資訊豐富性越高時，高齡受試者在導航錯誤的回復表現可與年輕受試者相近。本文就實驗結果探討高齡化對空間能力、記憶力等認知要素之影響，並據此提出車用電子地圖對高齡駕駛的設計建議與凖則。

The present study examines age effects on map processing in light of the concurrent trends of population aging and pervasive use of in-vehicle digital maps. 14 older adults and 14 college students participated in a simulation experiment where two levels of map orientation(north-up us. track-up) and three levels of map hierarchy (procedural vs. concise vs. complete) were manipulated. The results indicated that older adults were less accurate at route identification and searched greater distances to recover from a navigation error. Older adults were particularly vulnerable to mental rotation, which was evidenced by their deficit to match the younger counterparts even when the map was displayed with track-up orientation. Nevertheless, older adults were able to achieve comparable performance in recovery from navigation errors if a complete map was provided. Detailed implications for the design of an in-vehicle digital map that accommodates age differences are discussed.

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