Collaborative Marketing and Production Planning with IFS and SFI Production Styles in an ERP System

存貨跟隨缺貨與缺貨跟隨存貨生產型態下企業資源規劃系統銷售與生產協同規劃決策模式

10.29977/JCIIE.200807.0008

陳亮都(Liang-Tu Chen)；陳振明(Jen-Ming Chen)

協同規劃 ； 定價 ； 生產 ； 動態規劃 ； 企業資源規劃 ； 衰退性商品 ； Collaborative Planning ； Pricing ； Production ； Dynamic Programming ； ERP ； Deteriorating Item

工業工程學刊

25卷4期（2008 / 07 / 01）

337 - 346

英文

最近企業常導入新開發的生產製造系統，諸如企業資源規劃系統，雖然可促進企業內生產製造與銷售部門的互動，但是很多生產決策過程仍然沒有考量到市場動態特性的本質。此乃肇因於這些系統的參數不是固定就是假設產能爲無限。再者，過去文獻也沒有同時考量多期規劃與產銷動態特性下，衰退性商品定價與其他市場相關因素之整合決策。本研究考量產能有限性，需求爲價格與時間的隨機函數，銷售價格、生產成本及生產率隨時間改變，以及允許缺貨情形下，藉由雙變數最佳化模式、動態規劃技術及迭代法，建構存貨跟隨缺貨(SFI)生產型態與缺貨跟隨存貨(IFS)生產型態下，企業衰退性商品銷售與生產協同規劃最適動態定價與批量之聯合決策，使產銷決策一致，企業利潤最大化。本研究同時建構一穩健決策支援系統之觀念性架構，可被當成一外掛最佳化軟體，猶如企業資源規劃系統中之進階規劃系統。本研究數值分析結果顯示，SFI生產型態協同決策模式在利潤最大化和較少存貨投資優於IFS生產型態。另外，此二種生產型態的利潤差百分比會隨價格彈性係數以及單位生產成本的增加而顯著增加。

The latest manufacturing technologies, such as enterprise resource planning (ERP) system, enhance cross-functional interaction between manufacturing and marketing, but many production decision-making processes do not take marketing's dynamic nature into account. It is due in large part to the inherent weaknesses of ERP system such as the fixed and static parameter settings and uncapacitated assumption. To remedy these drawbacks, we propose two decision models that solve optimally the production lot-size/scheduling problem taking into account the dynamic aspects of customer's demand as well as the restriction of finite capacity in a plant. More specifically, we consider a single product that is subject to continuous decay, faces a time-varying and price-dependent demand, and time-varying variable production cost and production rate, with the objective of maximizing the profit stream over multi-period planning horizon. The problem is formulated as a dynamic programming model and solved by numerical search techniques. The main purpose behind this study is to propose a conceptual framework of a robust decision support system that can be served as an add-on optimizer like an advanced planning system in an ERP system. Special emphasis is placed on the comparative study between the proposed optimization models that are based on the inventory followed by shortages (IFS) and shortages followed by inventory (SFI) styles. Numerical result shows that the SFI style outperforms the IFS style in maximizing the total profit and minimizing inventory investment. Further, the percentage of profit difference between the two styles increases significantly in price-elasticity coefficient of the demand function as well as the production unit cost.

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