真空電子學之磁旋管發展

Development of a Vacuum Electronics Device-Gyrotron

10.29808/JVSROC.201203.0008

張存續(Tsun-Hsu Chang)；陳乃慶(Nai-Ching Chen)；杜朝海(Chao-Hai Du)；袁景濱(Ching-Pin Yuan)

真空電子學 ； 電漿 ； 磁旋管 ； 微波管 ； Vacuum Electronics ； Plasma ； Gyrotron ； Microwave Tube

真空科技

25卷1期（2012 / 03 / 01）

63 - 70

繁體中文

真空電子學是探討電子在真空中與電磁波之交互作用。就學問與知識面來說，這領域需要很多電漿知識，需要了解電子束與電磁波之線性與非線性回饋現象，需要完整考量電動力學麥斯威爾方程式；就應用面來說，主要應用之一是微波管，就是將電子動能轉換成電磁波能量，也就是產生波源。產生電磁波波源之頻率可以從幾百MHz到數個THz。在不同頻段與功率下，會產生很多不同的應用。本文討論著重在一種重要微波管-磁旋管，及其真空相關器件之原理與特性。內容包含磁旋管簡介、電子束發射器、微波真空窗及作用結構焊接。

The electrons interacting with electromagnetic waves are investigated in vacuum electronics. It needs the knowledge of plasma physics as well as the nonlinear feedback between the electron beam and electromagnetic waves. Complete Maxwell's equations of the electrodynamics should be considered. From the practical perspective, the major application of microwave tubes is to generate wave energy from the kinetic energy of the electrons, i.e. to produce radiation sources. The frequencies of the radiation sources generated by microwave tubes range from a few MHz to low THz. Different frequency band associates with different applications. This paper discusses one of an important microwave tube-gyrotron. Its working principle and characteristics will be elucidated. The key components of gyrotron including electron gun, vacuum window, and brazing of the tube will be reported in details.

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