停車作業工作負荷量測及聽音樂對駕駛之影響

Measurement of Parking Workload and Effects of Listening to the Music While Parking

10.6402/TPJ.200312.0801

劉仲祥(Jong-Shyang Liou)；劉伯祥(Bor-Shong Liu)

停車作業 ； 聽音樂 ； 駕駛行為 ； Parking ； Listen to the music ； Driver performance

運輸計劃季刊

32卷4期（2003 / 12 / 30）

801 - 821

繁體中文

駕駛行為，是一連串資訊之感覺、知覺以及採取決策行動等配合而成的行為，因此道路設施設計規劃，應將駕駛者於行車過程中可能的行為與反應加以考量。對於駕駛行為特性之研究，目前多以駕駛者之反應時間(perception-action time)以及視力(visual acuity)為主，而對於駕駛者的生理心理指標(psychophysiological measure)之探討亦少著墨。因此本研究嘗試以駕駛者之反應為主要考量，探討數種生理心理指標，包括看鏡次數、停車時間、心率、眨眼率及主觀評比等，並經由實際量測，評估駕駛者於路邊停車（與道路或通道平行）與倒車入庫（與道路或通道垂直）二種不同停車方式之工作負荷，以及聽音樂與否對駕駛行為的影響進行分析。由變異數分析結果顯示路邊停車相較於倒車入庫有較高的工作負荷，其困難性亦較高；然而聽音樂對停車作業駕駛行為之影響分析顯示，駕駛者雖然暴露於音樂的環境下造成工作負荷增加，但並沒有對駕駛績效產生顯著影響。因此本研究建議在規劃停車空間時，需將停車作業之困難度加以考量。

The driving task is a continuous series of actions including perception, intellection, emotion and volition. The design and planning of road facilities have to take into account the responses of road users. Conventionally, the characteristics of road users are quantified as perception-reaction time and visual acuity. Psychological and physical factors are clearly important but not well understood. The purpose of this study was to measure drivers' workloads in scenarios such as parking into different layouts and listening to the music. This study applied mirror frequency, parking time, heart rate, eye blink and subjective rating to measure the workload. For parking layout, the results of ANOVA revealed that experimenters have higher workload as they park into a zero angle layout and listen to the music. Although music brought higher workload, it did not affect parking performance. The difficulty of different parking types could be taken account in parking space planning.

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