船舶在港口航行安全之研究

The Navigation Safty of Ships in Ports

10.6402/TPJ.201009.0301

許文楷(Wen-Kai K. Hsu)

安全 ； 船舶航行 ； 港口 ； 品質機能展開 ； Safety ； Ship navigation ； Port ； QFD

運輸計劃季刊

39卷3期（2010 / 09 / 30）

301 - 322

繁體中文

過去相關的研究顯示，港口及其鄰近水域是海事事故最容易發生之處所。本文主旨在探討船舶在港口之航行安全。本文由港口業者的觀點，應用品質機能展開法，將在港口航行的船長需求轉換為港口業者之服務作業特性需求，並藉以制定港口業者改善船舶航行安全的政策。為了驗證本研究模式的效度，本文並以進出高雄港船隻之實際作業為例，進行模式的實證研究。本文之結果顯示，高雄港務局須最優先改善的服務作業特性是：航道交通管制、作業人員的緊急應變能力、作業人員的身心狀況與作業人員的溝通能力等四項。本文的研究結果可提供港口業者，作為其提升船舶航行安全的參考。

Previous studies indicated that most marine accidents occur in ports and their vicinity. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the safety of ship navigation in ports. From the viewpoints of port operators, a QFD model (Quality Function Deployment) is constructed to determine the policy to improve the safety of ship navigation in ports by transferring the requirements of shipmasters navigating ships in ports into the characteristics of service operations of port operators. To validate the model, 81 shipmasters berthing their ships in Kaohsiung were sampled. The results indicate that vessel traffic, operator ability in an emergency, and physical and mental conditions of operators and operator ability for communication are listed as higher priorities of characteristics to be improved. The results can provide information for port operators to improve the navigation safety of ships in ports.

1. Cahit, I., “Pilot, Ship and VTC”, International Marine Pilots' Association, http://www.internationalpilots.org, 2007
2. Bevilacqua, M.,Ciarapica, F. E.,Giacchetta, G.(2006).A Fuzzy-QFD Approach to Supplier Selection.Journal of Purchasing & Supply Management,12,14-27.
3. Bosch, V. G.,Enriquez, F. T.(2005).TQM and QFD: Exploiting a Customer Complaint Management System.International Journal of Quality and Reliability Management,22(1),30-37.
4. Bottani, E.,Rizzi, A.(2006).Strategic Management of Logistics Service: A Fuzzy QFD Approach.International Journal of Production Economics,103,585-599.
5. Carnevalli, J. A.,Miguel, P. C.(2008).Review, Analysis and Classification of the Literature on QFD: Types of Research, Difficulties and Benefits.International Journal of Production Economics,114,737-754.
6. Cristiano, J. J.,Liker, J. K.,White, C. C.(2001).Key Factors in the Successful Application of Quality Function Deployment (QFD).IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management,48(1),81-95.
7. Darbra, R. M.,Crawford, J. F. E.,Haley, C. W.,Morrison, R. J.(2007).Safety Culture and Hazard Risk Perception of Australian and New Zealand Maritime Pilots.Marine Policy,31,736-745.
8. Franceschini, F.,Rossetto, S.(1998).Quality Function Deployment: How to Improve Its Use.Total Quality Management,9(6),491-555.
9. Gongalez, M. E,Mueller, R. D.,Mack, R. W.(2008).An Alternative Approach in Service Quality: An E-Banking Case Study.The Quality Management Journal,15(1),41-58.
10. Gongalez, M. E,Quesada, G.,Picado, F.,Eckelman, C. A.(2004).Customer Satisfaction Using QFD an E-Banking Case.Managing Service Quality,14(4),317-330.
11. Hauser, J. R.,Clausing, D.(1988).The House of Quality.Harvard Business Review,66,66-73.
12. Liang, G. S.,Chou, T. Y.,Kan, S. F.(2006).Applying Fuzzy Quality Function Development to Identify Service Management Requirements for an Ocean Freight Forwarders.The Quality Management,17(5),539-554.
13. Lu, C. S.,Tsai, C. L.(2008).The Effects of Safety Climate on Vessel Accidents in Container Shipping Context.Accident Analysis & Prevention,40(2),594-601.
14. San, M.(2003).Function Deployment (IQFD) for Discrete Assembly Environment.Computers & Industrial Engineering,45,269-283.
15. Wang, R. T.(2007).Improving Service Quality Using Quality Function Deployment-The Air Cargo Sector of China Airlines.Journal of Air Transport Management,13,221-228.
16. Yan, W. Y.,Khoo, L. P.,Chen, C. H.(2003).A QFD-Enabled Product Conceptualization Approach via Design Knowledge Hierarchy and RCE Neural Network.Knowledge-Based Systems,18(6),279-293.
17. 方信雄(1994)。大型散裝船海難原因之探討。航運季刊，3(1)，45-47。
18. 伍家志(1999)。1998年世界貨櫃港及臺灣地區海事統計分析。航運季刊，10(8)，30-41。
19. 徐國裕、張運杰、周和平(2008)。臺灣西部國際商港水域海難事故之分析。航運季刊，17(1)，45-62。
20. 劉中平、梁金樹、蘇育玲、朱經武(2005)。臺灣管轄水域航行安全性分析。航運季刊，14(1)，1-20。
21. 劉中平、梁金樹、朱經武(2006)。應用灰關聯分析於臺灣地區國際商港海事事故天然致因之研究。航運季刊，13(3)，95-114。

1. 顧景昇,賴子敬(2020)。臺灣離島渡輪旅遊型態之研究。休閒產業管理學刊，13(2)，45-70。
2. 張隆庭、白凢芸(2013)。海關服務品質之研究：報關業者與海關關員觀點。管理實務與理論研究，7(3)，16-32。