經濟全球化與國土規劃策略之探討

Economic Globalization And Strategies of National Territorial Planning

賴宗裕(Tsung-Yu Lai)

經濟全球化 ； 產業變遷 ； 國土規劃 ； 土地利用政策 ； 在地條件 ； Economic globalization ； Industrial change ； National territorial planning ； Land use policy ； Local conditions

都市與計劃

28卷4期（2001 / 12 / 01）

519 - 542

繁體中文

經濟全球化已使世界經濟地圖看不見國界，也讓全球產業結構與生產活動空間產生結構性的轉變，促使地方在地條件及土地使用區位與規模需求的改變。全球企業為追求利潤，降低經營成本，以交換空間的方式，進行國際分工，從事生產。經濟全球化使台灣面臨來自各方面的挑戰，一般相信，國土規劃對回應全球化的挑戰，可以扮演重要的角色。國土規劃能否成功則端賴國土規劃如何指導土地利用政策以連結生產方式，以及如何對產業所需的經濟空間產生影響？然而，國土規劃在全球化浪潮下，可以扮演何種角色與功能？現行台灣以計畫供給為導向的國土計畫，產生何種問題？在面對經濟全球化的挑戰下，如何因應與調整？本文將從經濟、產業結構、規劃方式、區域空間與政府角色等面向，探討上述的課題，並嘗試提出經濟全球化下國土規劃的策略，以供政府之參考。

Economic globalization has demolished the boundary of world economy. It changes the global industrial structure and shifts the spatial structure of productive activities. It also alters local conditions and land use demand scale and location. Global enterprises seek and exchange for economic space in the new international division of labor in order to pursue profits and reduce costs. Economic globalization has forced Taiwan to face new challenges. It is widely believed that national territorial planning has a critical role to play in response to economic globalization. The success of national territorial planning depends greatly on how national territorial planning guides land use policies and how national territorial planning influences the location and economic space scale. Within this context, this article explores the role and functions of national territorial planning. Current planning issues associated with supply-oriented national territorial planning are analyzed. Furthermore, the impacts of economic globalization on economic structure and the relationship between space and production process are discussed. Finally, this article provides suggestions on strategies of national territorial planning as a reference for the government.

1. Batten, D. F.(1995).Network cities: Creative urban agglomerations for 21st century.Urban Studies,32(2)
2. Castells, M.(2000).The Rise of the Network Society.Oxford:Blackwell.
3. Castells, M.(2000).Global Capitalism.New York:The New Press.
4. Douglass, M.(2000).Mega-Urban Regions and World City Formation: Globalization, the Economic Crisis and Urban Policy Issues in Pacific Asia.Urban Studies,37(12)
5. Dunning, John H.(1993).The Globalization of Business: the Challenge of the 1990s.New York:Routledge.
6. Friedmann, J.(1986).The World City Hypothesis.Development and Change,17(1)
7. Friedmann, J., Wolff, G.(1982).World City Formation: an Agenda for Research and Action.International Journal of Urban and Regional Research,6(3)
8. Gereffi, Gary, Hamilton, Gary G.(1996).Commodity Chains and Embedded Networks: The Economic Organization of Global Capitalism.International Conference of Economic Government and Flexible Production in East Asia,Taiwan, Hsinchu:
9. Hamnett, Chris(1994).Social polarization in global cities: theory and evidence.Urban Studies,31(3)
10. Harvey, D.(1989).The Condition of Postmodernity: An Enquiry into the Conditions of Cultural Change.Cambridge, MA:Basil Blackwell.
11. Kaiser, Edward J., Godschalk, David R., Chapin, Jr. F. Stuart(1995).Urban Land Use Planning.Chicago:University of Illinois Press.
12. McHarg, I. L.(1969).Design with Nature.Garden City:Natural History Press.
13. Mittelman, J. H.(2000).The Globalization Syndrome: Transformation and Resistance.New Jersey:Princeton University Press.
14. Ohmae, Kenidni(2000).Globalization and the Challenges of a New Century: A Reader.Bloomington, IN:Indiana University Press.
15. Porter, M. E.(1990).The Competitive Advantage of Nations.New York:Free Press.
16. Porter, Michael(2001)。台灣如何走出困境？。天下雜誌 Common Wealth: Taiwan's Leading Magazine，244
17. Ritzer, George, Malone, Elizabeth L.(2000).Globalization theory: lessons from exportation of McDonaldization and the new means of consumption.American Studies,41(2/ 3)
18. Sachs, Jeffrey(2000).Globalization and the Challenges of a New Century: A Reader.Bloomington, IN:Indiana University Press.
19. Sassen, S.(1990).The Global City: New York, London, Tokyo.Princeton, NJ:Princeton University Press.
20. Sassen, S.(2000).Cities in a World Economy.Thousand Oaks, CA:Pine Forge Press.
21. Sassen, Saskia(2000).The global city: strategic site/ new frontier.American Studies,41(2/ 3)
22. Short, John Rennie, Kim, Yeong-Hyun(1999).Globalization and the City.New York:Longman.
23. Smith, David(1995).The new urban sociology meets the old: rereading some classical human ecology.Urban Affairs Review,30(3)
24. Thurow, Lester C.(2000).Globalization and the Challenges of a New Century: A Reader.Bloomington, IN:Indiana University Press.
25. Wilding, Paul(1999)。全球化、區域主義與社會政策。社區發展季刊 Community Development Journal，85
26. 行政院國家永續發展委員會(1999)。變遷中的福爾摩莎。台北:中華民國企業永續發展協會。
27. 何美玥(2001)。知識經濟時代的經建政策新思維。知識經濟與土地利用：2001年中國土地經濟學會研討會實錄，台北:
28. 李明軒 、 陳雅慧 、 盧智芳(2001)。WTO與兩岸競合。台北:天下雜誌股份有限公司。
29. 周志龍 Chou, Tsu-Lung(2001)。全球化發展與台灣行政區劃再結構 Development of Globalization and Restructuring of Taiwan's Administrative Areas。經社法制論叢 Socioeconomic Law and Institution Review，27
30. 夏鑄九 Hsia, Chu-Joe(1995)。空間、歷史與社會論文選1987-1992。台北:
31. 孫震 Sun, Chen(2001)。台灣發展知識經濟之路。台北:三民書局。
32. 張家銘 Chang, Chia-Ming、 徐偉傑(2000)。「全球化下的社會學想像：國家、經濟與社會」研討會。臺灣社會學社、國立台灣大學社會學系。
33. 黃書禮 Huang, Shu-Li(2000)。生態土地使用規劃。台北:詹氏書局。
34. 齊思賢(2000)。知識經濟時代 Building wealth: the new rules for individuals, companies and nations in a knowledge based economic。台北:時報文化。
35. 賴宗裕 Lai, Tsung-Yu(2000)。公共支出決策與區域及城鄉發展關係之研究公共支出決策與區域及城鄉發展關係之研究,台北:行政院國家科學委員會。
36. 賴宗裕 Lai, Tsung-Yu(1999)。都市成長與土地開發管理－理論與實踐。台北:華泰。
37. 賴宗裕 Lai, Tsung-Yu(1998)。國土開發與成長管理制度之研究 A Study on National Land Development and Growth Management Systems。Taiwan:行政院經濟建設委員會。
38. 薛琦 Schive, Chi(2001)。新世紀產業發展趨勢與策略。國家政策論壇 National Policy Forum，1(6)

1. 凌聖凱(2004)。國土規劃與建構區域政府之可行性。中國地方自治，57(3)，32-46。