英文摘要
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The on-street motorcycle and bicycle parking in city centers in Taiwan has severe negative effects on sidewalk passing, shopping street environment, and road traffic. Even if local governments have implemented relevant strategies with a certain extent of performance for the parking problem, however, it cannot be effectively solved. Strategies implemented by local governments have not effectively solved the problem. A possible reason is that social interactions probably exist in some of travel behaviors including motorcycle and bicycle parking location choice, and the interactions may lead a society to deadlock at an inferior equilibrium state (social dilemma) which is robust against change. Nevertheless, most travel behavior models underlying policy evaluation have assumed that individual behavior is independent of others, and therefore the policy cannot be evaluated accurately under social interactions. Therefore, this study performed a questionnaire survey of motorcycle and bicycle users in Tainan City center to build a parking location choice behavior model into which the social interaction effect is incorporated, as well as to analyze the equilibrium of collective behavior. Accordingly, the model enabled quantitative evaluations of degree of policy intervention that achieves the threshold value satisfying the equilibrium shift in collective behavior. According to the policy evaluation, (1) decreasing the distance (from parking lots to destinations) 140 meters, (2) reducing the fixed fee (of using parking lots per time) NT$8, or (3) conducting a combined policy of distance and fixed fee, which just satisfies the threshold value, would increase the proportion of off-street parking from 5% at present to 71% at a superior equilibrium state.
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