高等教育配對機制的探討：一個特色大學的招生和學生與科系配對結果的研究

Match Mechanism in Higher Education: Learning from a Distinctive University's Recruitment and Retention

蔡彣涓(Wehn-Jyuan Tsai)

高等教育 ； 配對 ； 招生 ； 續讀率 ； Higher Education ； Match ； Recruitment ； Retention Rate

經濟研究

57卷1期（2021 / 01 / 31）

35 - 91

繁體中文

2002年「大學多元入學方案」的實施主要為高等教育的入學制度引進不同的篩選方式。有鑑於此，本文使用世新大學2005學年度至2015學年度的校務資料與2005學年度至2014學年度個人申請、繁星推薦和大學考試入學分發招生簡章的校系分則之串連資料，研究大學多元入學管道的配對規則（學生與校系的配對邏輯）與招生標準（大學校系對學生的偏好排序基礎）對學生於大學前4個學期的標準化成績與其系、校續讀機率的影響。由於世新大學為一以新聞傳播著稱的特色大學，故本文主要係利用該特質解決校務研究普遍缺乏學生志願序資料的問題。實證結果顯示在控制世新大學各系組所設定的招生標準下，個人申請與繁星推薦入學的制度將較考試分發更能招收到成績表現較佳、但同時亦有較高的風險會轉至新聞傳播學院相關系組的學生。另外，大學校系若以英文成績做為招生標準，則學生將有較高的可能性以轉系（尤其是轉至新聞傳播學院相關系組）的方式解決其與入學系組配適錯誤的問題。

The Multi-Channel College Entrance System in Taiwan that was initiated in 2002 has introduced three types of screening mechanisms. This paper thus focuses on Shih Hsin University and uses 2005-2015 institutional data, which are linked to the regulations of these three screening mechanisms, to distinguish between the influences of matching methods (i.e., assignment algorithm) and selection criteria (i.e., a basis for preferences of colleges over students) on a student's standardized scores and his/her intent to change a major or leave an institution in the first and second years of schoolong. By recognizing the fact that Shih Hsin University is well-known for its college of journalism and communications, we are able to solve the lack of preferences of students in the field of institutional research. The empirical results suggest that the assignment algorithm used for admission via Personal Application and via the Star Plan can significantly attract students with high standardized scores, when compared with an admission via the Joint College Assigned-Subject Examination, at the cost of high intention to change majors. Moreover, our results show that students may not be suitably matched with a major at a specific institution and intend to change majors, as a result of an admission process that is reliant on English tests.

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