寬頻網路基礎建設與經濟成長：OECD國家的經驗與實證

Broadband Network Infrastructure and Economic Growth: Experiences and Empirical Evidence from OECD Countries

楊子菡(Tzu-Han Yang)；黃彥儒(Yan-Ru Huang)

寬頻普及率 ； 行動通訊 ； 網路基礎建設 ； 數位經濟 ； Broadband Penetration ； Mobile Communication ； Internet Infrastructure ； Digital Economy

經濟研究

60卷2期（2024 / 07 / 31）

137 - 173

繁體中文;英文

近年來由於行動裝置的普遍使用和數位科技蓬勃發展，不但造成經濟結構的大幅改變，更為經濟成長帶來新的動能。而此經濟新動能的實現，則有賴寬頻網路基礎建設的布建，提供低成本、高覆蓋率和快捷的連網服務，大幅降低資訊收集、溝通與決策的成本，因而促進經濟進一步的成長。本研究建立實證模型，以經濟合作暨發展組織（Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, OECD）國家為例，探討寬頻網路建設對經濟成長的影響。我們發現，過去文獻探討寬頻網路的經濟成長效果時，忽略行動寬頻和固網寬頻二個市場的互動關係，不但使效果的估計發生偏誤，亦忽略了寬頻網絡發展過程中，行動寬頻已成為驅動整體寬頻網路發展的主要動力。本文彌補此一缺失，重行估計經濟效果，並探討行動與固網寬頻市場的互動關係。發現行動寬頻市場與固網寬頻市場在需求面有顯著的相互拉抬效果，顯示二者在需求面的互補。但在供給面則出現行動寬頻推升固網寬頻供給，但固網寬頻使用率的提升並無益於行動寬頻擴充的不對稱的現象。

With the widespread use of mobile devices and the vigorous development of digital technology, not only has there been a significant change in the economic structure, but a new impetus has also been given to economic growth. The realization of this new economic impetus relies on the establishment of broadband network infrastructure that provides low-cost, high-coverage, and fast networking services, thus significantly reducing the costs of information collection, communication, and decision-making and thereby promoting further economic growth. This research sets up an empirical model, taking OECD countries as the sample, to explore the impact of broadband network construction on economic growth. We find that the literature examining the economic growth effects of broadband networks has neglected the interaction between mobile broadband and fixed broadband markets, resulting not only in biased estimations of effects, but also overlooking the fact that mobile broadband has become the primary driving force behind the overall advancement of broadband networks. This paper addresses this gap, re-estimates the economic effects, and explores the interaction between mobile and fixed broadband markets. Findings show that the mobile broadband market and the fixed broadband market have significant mutual uplifting effects on the demand side, indicating complementarity in demand between the two. However, on the supply side, there appears to be an asymmetrical phenomenon where mobile broadband drives the supply of fixed broadband, but an rise in fixed broadband utilization does not benefit mobile broadband expansion.