Determinants of Incremental Innovation: A Process View Incorporating Theories of Transaction Cost, Social Exchange and Embeddedness

以過程觀點分析漸進式創新的決定因素：交易成本、社會交換與鑲嵌理論之應用

10.6226/NTURM2007.18.1.81

張嘉雯(Chia-Wen Chang)；黃恆獎(Heng-Chiang Huang)

關係鑲嵌 ； 網絡中心性 ； 漸進式創新 ； relational embeddedness ； network centrality ； incremental innovation

臺大管理論叢

18卷1期（2007 / 12 / 01）

81 - 116

英文

本文以交易成本、社會交換與鑲嵌理論探討漸進式創新的來源與過程。經由PLS驗證顯示，結果強烈地支持本研究假說。結果指出，資產專屬性、交易頻率與滿意度為關係鑲嵌之前置因素。此外，關係鑲嵌有助於組織間信任、互惠與承諾之非正式協調機制的建立；而非正式協調機制將捉進雙方聯合行動，進而達成漸進式創新之績效。另一方面，結果亦顯示製造商之網絡中心性將直接影響漸進式創新之績效。本文的主要貢獻為，第一、結合交易成本與社會交換理論，探討關係鑲嵌之決定因素。第二、以關係鑲嵌觀點探討漸進式創新產生之過程。第三、探討結構鑲嵌之網絡中心性對漸進式創新績效的影響。最後，本文根據結論提出實務與理論意涵、限制與未來研究方向。

Drawing from the literature on transaction cost economics (TCE), social exchange theory and embeddedness theory, this study has developed a comprehensive model that explains driving forces and incremental innovation processes. Utilizing the partial least squared (PLS) technique, we assessed how incremental innovation can be explained by a group of determinants. The results of the study strongly supported our hypotheses. Our findings revealed that a manufacturer's asset-specific investments, frequency of exchange and satisfaction with previous outcomes will influence its intention to establish an embedded tie with a supplier. The establishment of an embedded tie between partners provides a basis for trust, reciprocity and commitment mechanisms. These mechanisms enable joint action between partners to facilitate incremental innovation. Moreover, a manufacturer can employ its positional advantage to directly facilitate incremental innovation. Here, we made three contributions. First, this study integrates transaction cost economics and social exchange theory to explain the dynamic evolution of relational embeddedness. Second, this study examines incremental innovation processes through the theoretical lens of the embeddedness perspective. Third, this study examines the relationship between a firm's centrality in a network and its incremental innovation. The implications of the study are discussed, along with limitations and suggestions for future research.

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