垂直重整與自由化

Vertical Reform and Liberalization

10.29628/AEP.200112.0002

林啟智(Chi-chin Lin)

垂直重整 ； 垂直分割 ； 自由化 ； 接續費 ； Liberalization ； Vertical divestiture ； Access price

經濟論文

29卷4期（2001 / 12 / 01）

415 - 435

繁體中文

本文考慮完全資訊下的靜態配置效率，分析公用事業之垂直重整與自由化。自由化政策不僅牽涉水平開放，垂直重整更是能否提高經濟褔利的關鍵。就垂直重整而言，必須先將原龐大事業體拆解為網路與網路附加服務等二獨立廠商，然後進行垂直關係的設計，以及其後網路附加服務的開放政策。至於架構垂直關係，主要關鍵在於網路附加服務的成本結構。首先，當邊際成本遞增時，反向接續能使自由化獲得最大經濟褔利，同時，開放家數愈多，褔利愈高。其次，邊際成本非遞增時，必須在正常接續，且需求具有彈性之下，才有可能提高經濟褔利。此時，開放家數不再是多多益善，而以二家為宜。

This paper considers the static efficiency under perfect information in order to analyze the liberalization and vertical reform of public utilities. The liberalization policy does not only open the horizontal market, but vertical reform is also the key point in elevating the welfare. As to vertical reform, it has to divestiture the vertically-integrated monopoly into a network and the provision of service over the network, and then to implement the liberalization policy. The key point of a vertical relationship is the cost structure of the competitive activity. When the marginal cost is increasing, the fittest vertical structure is the monopoly that must pay access fees to the provision of service over the network. In this circumstance, welfare will increase with the number of firms in the competitive sector. When the marginal cost is not increasing, and the demand is elastic, then the vertical relationship must be in reverse so as to improve efficiency. Under this condition, a competitive market’s proper market structure is a duopoly.

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