An Analysis of Productivity Growth in Western Australian Agriculture

西澳農業之生產力成長分析

10.29628/AEP.200409.0005

Nazrul Islam

農業 ； 生產力成長 ； 研發 ； Agriculture ； Productivity growth ； Research and development

經濟論文

32卷3期（2004 / 09 / 01）

467 - 499

英文

本文分析1977至2000年西澳大面積農業之生產力成長，利用一種無參數法，我們估計西澳產業之總合投入、產出及總要素生產力（TFP)，並與其他地區之結果相比較。結果指出：西澳農業之TFP年成長率為4.8%，高居全澳洲第二名，若就西澳農業之細產業別來看，作物產業之TFP年成長率為最高（7.1%）。文中亦發現：新技術之採用及移轉對西澳農業之TFP成長有正面效果。而西澳農部之研發投入亦對產業成長有顯著之影響。

This paper analyses the productivity growth of Western Australian broadacre agriculture for the period 1977/78 to 1999/00. The growth of aggregate outputs, inputs and total factor productivity (TFP) is estimated by applying a non-parametric approach and the productivity performance of WA agriculture is compared with that of other Australian states. The TFP growth in WA agriculture has been the second highest at 4.8 percent per annum. Within WA, among the broadly defined industry groups, the Crops industry has experienced the highest TFP growth of 7.1 percent per annum. The transfer and adoption of new technologies appear to have had a positive impact on the TFP growth of WA agriculture, besides the influence of seasonal conditions. Research and development (R&D) contributions of the Department of Agriculture Western Australia appear to have significantly influenced the State’s agricultural productivity growth.

1. ABARE(1997).Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics.Canberra:
2. ABARE(1995).Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics.Canberra:
3. ABARE(2000).Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics.Canberra:
4. ABS(1993).Australian Bureau of Statistics.Canberra:
5. Alston, J. M.,G. W. Norton,P. G. Pardey(1995).Science under Scarcity: Principles and Practice for Agricultural Research Evaluation and Priority Setting.Ithaca, NY:Cornell University Press.
6. Alston, J. M.,P. G. Pardey,V. H. Smith(1999).Paying for Agricultural Productivity.IFPRI, Baltimore:The Johns Hopkins University Press.
7. Beck, A. C.,B. Moir,L. Fraser,P. Paul(1985).BAE paper presented at the 55th ANZAAS Congress, Monash University, Melbourne, 28 August..
8. Caves, D. W.,L. R. Christensen,W. E. Diewert(1982).The Economic Theory of Index Numbers and the Measurement of Input, Output, and Productivity.Econometrica,50,1393-1414.
9. Chambers, R. G.(1983).Scale and Productivity Measurement under Risk.American Economic Reviews,73,802-805.
10. Coelli, T.(1996).Measurement of Total Factor Productivity Growth and Biases in Technological Change in Western Australian Agriculture.Journal of Applied Econometrics,11,77-91.
11. Coelli, T.,D. S. Prasada Rao,G. E. Battese(1998).An Introduction to Productivity and Efficiency Analysis.London:Kluwer Academic Publishers.
12. Coelli, T.,R. Kingwell(1991).Journal of Agriculture.
13. Diewert, W. E.(1976).Exact and Superlative Index Numbers.Journal of Econometrics,4,115-145.
14. Evenson, Robert E.,C. E. Pray,M. W. Rosegrant(1999).Research Report 109.
15. Flacco, P. R.,D. M. Larson(1992).Nonparametric Measures of Scale and Technical Change for Competitive Firms under Uncertainty.American Journal of Agricultural Economics,Febbruary,173-176.
16. IATRC(2001).Agriculture in the WTO: Domestic Support: Issues and Options in the Agricultural Negotiations.Commissioned Paper,16
17. Inglis, A.(1995).Outlook 95 Proceedings of the National Agricultural and Resources.Canberra:
18. Islam, N.(1999).Discussion Paper 99.18.
19. Islam, N.(1995).A contributed paper to the New England Conference of Efficiency and Productivity.
20. Islam, N.(2000).Discussion Paper 00.15,.
21. Islam, N.(1999).Estimating Supply Responses for WA Agriculture: An Application of Data-Analytic Method.Working Paper No. 2, ERC-AGWEST Research Project,2
22. Lawrence, D.,L. McKay(1980).Inputs, Outputs and Productivity Change in the Australian Sheep Industry.Australian Journal of Agricultural Economics,24,46-59.
23. McKay, L.,D. Lawrence,C. Vlastuin(1982).Production Flexibility and Technical Change in Australia's Wheat-Sheep Zone.Review of Marketing and Agricultural Economics,50,9-25.
24. Mullen, J. D.,K. Lee,S. Wrigley(1996).Agricultural Economics Bulletin 14.
25. Mullen, J. D.,L. Strappazzon,P. Knopke,T. Cox(1995).Paper presented to the New England Conference on Efficiency and Productivity, University of New England, 23–24 November.
26. Mullen, J. D.,T. L. Cox(1994).A contributed paper presented to the 2nd International Conference on Asia-Pacific Modelling, Sydney, 24–26 August..
27. Mullen, J. D.,T. L. Cox(1996).Measuring Productivity Growth in Australian Broadacre Agriculture.Australian Journal of Agricultural Economics,40,189-210.
28. Pardey, P. G.,B. Craig(1989).Causal Relationships between Public Sector Agricultural Research Expenditures and Output.American Journal of Agricultural Economics,79,9-19.
29. Strappazzon, L.,J. D. Mullen,T. L. Cox.Paper presented to the 40th Annual Conference of the Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, Melbourne, 13–15 February..