题名

要素替代、要素密集與均衡（不）安定－關稅融通教育支出的角色

并列篇名

FACTOR SUBSTITUTION, FACTOR INTENSITY AND EQUILIBRIUM (IN) STABILITY: THE ROLE OF EDUCATIONAL EXPENDITURES WITH TARIFF FINANCING

作者

曹添旺(Tien-Wang Tsaur)；黃俊傑(Chun-Chieh Huang)；曾憲政(Shian-Jang Tzeng)

关键词

關稅 ； 教育支出 ； 平衡預算法則 ； 固定替代彈性 ； 自我實現預期 ； Tariff ； Educational expenditures ； Balanced-budget rule ； Constant elasticity of substitution ； Self-fulfilling expectations

期刊名称

經濟論文

卷期/出版年月

45卷3期（2017 / 09 / 01）

页次

305 - 350

内容语文

繁體中文
中文摘要

本文引進關稅融通機制至一個兼有固定替代彈性的生產技術與具外部性的公設技能教育的兩部門小型開放經濟模型，據以探討均衡的(不)安定性。研究發現：若進口中間財和進口最終財課徵關稅的稅率相同，當最終財為勞力密集時，體系呈現鞍點穩定；最終財為非勞力密集時，體系呈現不安定的狀態。數值模擬分析發現：當中間財稅率小於最終財稅率時，若最終財為勞力密集，則動態體系具有馬鞍安定的均衡；若最終財為非勞力密集，且當(1)中間財生產要素替代性愈大；或(2)中間財與最終財稅率差異愈大;抑或(3)政府支出的生產外部性愈大，則動態體系愈容易產生多重收斂路經。而中間財稅率大於最終財稅率時，則無論最終財要素密集度為何，都不會有多重均衡的情形。
英文摘要

This paper introduces a tariff financing regime into a two-sector small open economy model with CES technologies and skill education externalities. Under this theoretical framework, we study the occurrence of indeterminacy. Our main results are the following: given an equal rate tariff on both imported intermediate goods and final goods, agents’ expectations cannot be fulfilled, and thus indeterminacy disappears. We find that as long as tariff rates are equal, the economy exhibits saddle-path stability when the final good is relatively labor-intensive; whereas the dynamic system is unstable when the intermediate good is relatively labor-intensive. However, if the tariff rates are unequal, our numerical simulations show that the economy may exhibit indeterminacy depending on the relative magnitude among these structural parameters such as tariff difference, skill education externality, factor substitution in intermediate goods, and the endogenous factor-intensity in final goods.
主题分类 社會科學 > 經濟學
参考文献
  1. 張仁家、游宗達(2014)。德國雙軌技職教育對我國技職教育之啟示。台灣國際研究季刊，10，173-188。
    連結：
  2. 曹添旺、曹真睿、廖志興(2016)。進口物價波動、資本累積與貿易條件動態。經濟論文，44，413-455。
    連結：
  3. OECD (2013), “OECD Unemployment Rates at 8% in May 2013,” https://www.oecd.org/std/labour-stats/HUR NR07e13.pdf.
  4. Aguiar-Conraria, L.,Wen, Y.(2008).A Note on Oil Dependence and Economic Instability.Macroeconomic Dynamics,12,717-723.
  5. Aschauer, D. A.(1989).Is Public Expenditure Productive?.Journal of Monetary Economics,23,177-200.
  6. Azariadis, C.(1981).Self-Fulfilling Prophecies.Journal of Economic Theory,25,380-396.
  7. Benhabib, J.,Farmer, R. E. A.(1994).Indeterminacy and Increasing Returns.Journal of Economic Theory,63,19-41.
  8. Chen, S. H.,Guo, J. T.(2013).Progressive Taxation and Macroeconomic (In)stability with Productive Government Spending.Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control,37,951-963.
  9. Corden, W. M.,Findlay, R.(1975).Urban Unemployment, Intersectoral Capital Mobility and Development Policy.Economica,42,59-78.
  10. Duffy, J.,Papageorgiou, C.(2000).A Cross-Country Empirical Investigation of the Aggregate Production Function Specification.Journal of Economic Growth,5,87-120.
  11. Guo, J. T.,Harrison, S.(2008).Useful Government Spending and Macroeconomic (In)stability under Balanced Budget Rules.Journal of Public Economic Theory,10,383-397.
  12. Guo, J. T.,Harrison, S.(2004).Balanced-Budget Rules and Macroeconomic (In)stability.Journal of Economic Theory,119,357-363.
  13. Harris, J. R.,Todaro, M. P.(1970).Migration, Unemployment and Development: A Two-Sector Analysis.American Economic Review,60,126-142.
  14. Huang, T. L.,Hallam, A.,Orazem, P. F.,Paterno, E. M.(1998).Empirical Tests of Efficiency Wage Models.Economica,65,125-143.
  15. Lahiri, A.(2001).Growth and Equilibrium Indeterminacy: The Role of Capital Mobility.Economic Theory,17,197-208.
  16. Nishimura, K.,Venditti, A.(2004).Indeterminacy and the Role of Factor Substitutability.Macroeconomic Dynamics,8,436-465.
  17. Romer, D.(2006).Advanced Macroeconomics.Boston, MA:McGraw-Hill.
  18. Schmitt-Groh´e, S.,Uribe, M.(1997).Balanced-Budget Rules, Distortionary Taxes, and Aggregate Instability.Journal of Political Economy,105,976-1000.
  19. Turnovsky, S. J.(1995).Methods of Macroeconomic Dynamics.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press.
  20. Weder, M.(2001).Indeterminacy in a Small Open Economy Ramsey Growth Model.Journal of Economic Theory,98,339-356.
  21. Wong, T. N.,Yip, C. K.(2010).Indeterminacy and the Elasticity of Substitution in One-Sector Models.Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control,34,623-635.
  22. Zhang, Y.,Chen, Y.(2012).Tariff and Equilibrium Indeterminacy: A Global Analysis.Macroeconomic Dynamics,16,394-410.
  23. 游常山、洪綾襄(2012)。新興研發業務需求，歡迎博士學歷加入國營事業1─台灣中油。遠見，特刊─公職必中關鍵術=Special Report-Vital Skill for Government Officials
  24. 蕭慕俊(2003)。尋覓每一分可能─台灣的石油探勘工作。能源報導，10，20-23。
print cancel