宗教容忍：政治哲學與神學的對話

Religious Tolerance: A Dialogue between Political Philosophy and Theology

10.6350/JSSP.200503.0125

郭承天(Cheng-Tian Kuo)

政治哲學 ； 神學 ； 自由主義 ； 宗教 ； 容忍 ； political philosophy ； theology ； liberalism ； religion ； tolerance

人文及社會科學集刊

17卷1期（2005 / 03 / 01）

125 - 157

繁體中文

本文整合了政治哲學的容忍原則和神學中的包容論，建構「批判性情境包容論」的宗教容忍觀。整合的方法是把宗教的內涵分為神論、人論、儀式三部分，而採取不同程度的排外、包容、和多元的立場。應用在政教關係的實務上，神論的部分不適合作為公共政策的內涵，儀式的部分可以謹慎為之，而人論的部分則有廣大的對話與合作空間，以提升國內與國際政治社群的良善。然而在政教互動過程之中，仍須把握「不歧視」與「不過份連結」兩大原則，以避免政教合一的爭議。

By integrating the tolerance principles in political philosophy and the inclusivism in theology, this paper constructs a perspective of religious tolerance called ”critical contextual inclusivism.” Different levels of exclusive, inclusive, and plural positions are adopted according to three different parts of a religion: theology, ethics, and rituals. When applied to church-state relations, theology is not suitable to become the content of public policies. Some rituals can become public policies, but only under scrutiny. Ethics provides a large space for inter-religion dialogue and cooperation, which aim to promote the good of domestic and international communities. However, in order to reduce the controversy of church-state integration, the interaction between church and state should be based on the principles of ”non-discrimination” and ”non-excessive-entanglement.”

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