能源環境政策與誘發創新

Induced Innovation and Energy-Environmental Policies

10.6277/ter.2005.332.3

劉錦龍(Jin-Long Liu)；許菁君(Ching-Chun Hsu)；謝壯堃(Chuang-Kun Hsieh)

誘發創新 ； 能源效率 ； 能源與環境政策 ； induced innovation ； energy efficiency ； energy and environmental policies

經濟論文叢刊

33卷2期（2005 / 06 / 01）

181 - 212

繁體中文

本文旨在探討台灣的能源環境政策與廠商產品創新發展間的關係，並以高耗能的耐久財商品冷氣機為例，利用過去20年間廠商所製造1,795種窗型冷氣機種，採用產品特徵價格模式與非參數迴歸分析法，研究台灣冷氣機產業的技術創新程度、創新方向及其組成因素。實證結果顯示：過去20多年冷氣機產品的能源效率提升實與整體的技術進步有關，而且大多來自於自發性的技術創新。此外，透過非參數迴歸分析發現，技術創新多傾向產品成本降低的技術層次提升。由於台灣的電價長期間幾乎維持固定水準，導致價格誘發的創新效果無法獲得實證支持；但是政府兩次致力提升能源效率標準的政策制定，卻明顯地誘發冷氣機產品朝向具有提升能源效率的技術創新，顯示出廠商創新課題的確深受政府對環境與能源的管制政策所影響。

This study investigates the relationship between energy regulation policy and technological innovation for Taiwanese air conditioner manufacturing. By using the 1,795 individual air conditioners data collected from Taiwan's various producers over the past 20 years and applying the Newell et al. (1999) model, our results show that the Hicks' price-induced innovation hypothesis was not supported by the data because the electricity price was controlled and held constant by the government. However, the policy-induced innovation significantly increased energy efficiency. Furthermore, the results obtained by the non-parametric Kernel estimation show that the direction of innovation was responsive to cost-saving technological change rather than energy-saving technological change.

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