勞動能力分配、生產可分割性與國際分工

Talent Distribution, Technology Divisibility, and International Specialization

10.6277/ter.2005.333.2

謝中興(Chung-Hsing Hsieh)；江永裕(Yeong-Yuh Chiang)

生產可分割性 ； 國際垂直分工 ； 所得分配 ； 產業內貿易 ； technolgoy divisibility ； international vertical specialization ； wage inequality ； intra-industry trade

經濟論文叢刊

33卷3期（2005 / 09 / 01）

257 - 285

繁體中文

本文以一般均衡的異質性勞動模型，探討國際垂直分工的比較利益來源，以及從整合生產到國際垂直分工的經濟效果。各財的產出受象徵知識與經驗的勞動能力所影響，異質性最終財的生產涉及勞動能力邊際生產力遞增，與線性技術兩種不同性質的生產任務。在整合生產，兩種任務需一起執行，勞動能力在不同任務間具有模組互補的現象；在可分割生產時，不同的任務可以獨立由不同的生產單位執行，因此可以分地進行生產。本文的主要結論是：1.國際垂直分工的比較利益來自於兩國勞動能力的絕對差異，或分配上的相對差異，這與傳統資源秉賦理論的精神相符；2.當生產技術由不可分割演進到可分割時，兩國的所得分配均更為惡化，國際分工進一步影響兩國的所得分配。關於近年來所得差距日益擴大的現象，本文模型提供相當直覺的解釋。

We develop a general equilibrium model to explore the source of comparative advantage in vertical specialization. In our model, the labor in two countries have different talent distributions. There are two produced inputs. The marginal productivity of labor talents is constant in one of these inputs, while increasing in the other. A difference in talent distribution between countries causes input trade and worsens wage inequality through an increased division of labor. However, taking divisibility of technology into account, input trades actually abate this adverse effect in the country with more high talented labors while intensifying the effect in the other country.

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